Magma Transport and Storage

Recent work in fluid mechanics has suggested aspects of the material response linked with mantle fluidization during the collapse of source regions, as well as proposals for shape conserving transport mode during ascent. Concurrently, recent work in volcanology has defined the spatial and temporal pathways taken by magma during ascent from the mantle, regions of harmonic tremor associated with these pathways, and the possibility of laterally-extensive transmissions of fluid pressure in inter-volcano and intra-volcanic conduits. Obviously, workers in both fields profoundly share a common interest in understanding how magmatic systems work. The Symposium on Magma Transport and Storage from Source to Eruption Site was held at the 28th International Geological Congress in Washington, D C July 9-19, 1989. The intent of the Symposium was to bring together scientists working from a broad range of perspectives to explore the process, pathways and mechanics of magmatic movement through the upper mantle, the oceanic and continental crusts and into well-characterized centers of active volcanism. The present volume reflects the theme and content of the Symposium and is an outgrowth from it. In implementing guidelines for manuscript preparation, each of the authors were asked to place their new research results within a broader framework that would review the concepts, physical environment, experimental approach or theoretical development appropriate to their study.

Table of Contents:
Part 1 Heat and mass transport in magmatic systems: a compaction model for melt transport in the earth's asthenosphere - The basic model, applications, A.C. Fowler; hot spots, swells and mantle plumes, P. Olson; magma waves and diapiric dynamics, J.A. Whitehead; an experimental study of melt migration in an olivine-melt system, G.N. Riles, Jr. and D.L. Kohlstedt; solidification and melting along dykes by the laminar flow of basaltic magma, P.M. Bruce and H.E. Huppert; on the role of laminar and turbulent flow in buoyancy driven magma fractgures, D.L. Turcotte; computer simulations of explosive volcanic eruptions, K.H. Wohletz and G.A. Valentine; the in-situ thermal transport properties and the thermal structure of Mount Saint Helens eruptive units. M.P. Ryan et al. Part 2 Transport structure, mechanics and dynamics of magmatic systems: melt extraction from mantle peridotites: hydrofracturing and porous flow, with consequences for oceanic ridge activity, A. Nicolas; on the physical nature of the Icelandic magma transport system, M.P. Ryan; dynamics of Drafla Caldera North Iceland - 1975-1985, J.A. Ewart et al; magma generation in the upper mantle inferred from seismic measurements in peridotite at high pressure and temperature, H. Sato and I.S. Sacks; differences in magma storage in different volcanic environments as revealed by seismic tomography - Silicic volcanic centers and subduction-related volcanoes, H.M. Iyer; geophysical and observational constraints for ascent rates of dacitic magma at Mount Saint Helens, E.T. Endo et al; pressure sources and induced ground deformation associated with explosive eruptions at an andesitic volcano - Sakurajima Volcano, Japan, K. Ishihara; high-level magma transport at Mount Etna volcano, as deduced from ground deformation measurements, J.B. Murray; changing styles of effusive eruption of Mount Etna since 1600 A D, J.W. Hughes et al.