Scenarios, Stories, Use Cases: Through the Systems Development Life-Cycle

Table of Contents:
Preface xiii Biographies and Photographs xvii Part I Overview Chapter 1 Introduction: Scenarios in System Development Context 3 Through the Life Cycle 17 Types of System 18 Scenarios for Systems—Not Necessarily Software 19 The Way Ahead 21 Keywords 21 References 21 Recommended Reading 22 Chapter 2 Scenario-based Approaches Overview: The Crews Scenario Framework 25 The Framework 26 The Scenario Approaches Described in this Book 28 Conclusion 32 Keywords 32 References 32 Part II Scenarios Through the System Life-cycle: Techniques Chapter 3 Scenarios in Requirements Discovery Applicability 39 Position in the Life Cycle 40 Key Features 40 Strengths 40 Weaknesses 41 What Is a Requirements Scenario? 41 From Scenarios to Atomic Requirements 51 Keeping Track of the Investigation 54 Who Produces the Scenarios? 54 Techniques for Building Scenarios 55 When to Use Scenarios 58 Keywords 59 References 59 Chapter 4 Scenarios for Innovation: Developing Scenario-based User Needs Analysis (Suna) Applicability 61 Position in the Life Cycle 62 Key Features 62 Strengths and Weaknesses 63 Technique 64 Worked Example 73 Comparisons 77 Keywords 79 References 79 Recommended Readings 79 Chapter 5 Running a Use Case/scenario Workshop Applicability 81 Position in the Life Cycle 82 Key Features 82 Strengths 83 Weaknesses 84 Technique 85 Worked Example 93 Comparisons 99 Keywords 100 References 100 Recommended Reading 101 Chapter 6 Alternative World Scenarios to Assess Requirement Stability Applicability 103 Position in the Life Cycle 104 Key Features 104 Strengths 104 Weaknesses 104 Technique 105 Worked Example 110 Comparisons 115 Keywords 116 References 116 Recommended Reading 117 Chapter 7 Cases Negative Scenarios and Misuse Applicability 119 Roles in the Life Cycle 119 Key Features 120 Strengths 120 Weaknesses 120 Technique 120 Worked Example 128 Comparisons 131 Keywords 138 References 138 Recommended Reading 139 Chapter 8 Authoring Use Cases Applicability 141 Position in the Life Cycle 141 Key Features 142 Strengths 143 Weaknesses 143 Technique 143 Comparisons 158 Keywords 159 References 159 Recommended Reading 160 Chapter 9 Systematic Scenario Walkthroughs with Art-scene Position in the Life Cycle 161 Applicability 161 Key Features 162 Strengths 162 Weaknesses 162 The Art-Scene Process and Environment 162 Art-Scene’s Research Provenance 163 The Art-Scene Approach 164 The Structure and Representation of an Art-Scene Scenario 164 The Art-Scene Software Environment 166 Facilitating Scenario Walkthroughs 171 The Scenario Workshop Environment 173 Worked Example 173 Comparisons 176 Keywords 177 References 177 Recommended Reading 178 Chapter 10 The role of scenarios In Contextual Design: From User Observations to Work Redesign To Use Cases Applicability 180 Position in the Life Cycle 180 Key Features 181 Strengths 181 Weaknesses 185 Technique 185 Techniques and Worked Example 186 Lessons Learnt 205 Comparisons 206 Keywords 207 References 207 Recommended Readings 208 Chapter 11 A Scenario-based Design Method for Human-centred Interaction Design Overview 211 Applicability 211 Position in the Life Cycle 212 Key Features 212 Strengths 213 Weaknesses 213 The Method 213 Other Artifacts in the Method 218 Processes of the Method 220 Summary 223 Worked Example 224 User Story 225 Comparisons 232 Acknowledgements 233 Keywords 234 References 234 Recommended Reading 234 Chapter 12 Use Case-based Software Development Applicability 237 Position in the Life Cycle 238 Key Features 238 Strengths 238 Weaknesses 238 Technique and Worked Example 239 Summary and Comparisons 262 Keywords 263 References 263 Recommended Reading 264 Chapter 13 User Stories in Agile Software Development Applicability 265 Applicability II—Why User Stories? 266 Position in Life Cycle 267 Key Features 267 Strengths 268 Weaknesses 268 Technique 269 Worked Example 275 Comparisons 278 Keywords 279 References 279 Recommended Reading 279 Chapter 14 Use Cases, Test Cases Applicability 281 Position in the Life Cycle 281 Key Features 282 Strengths 282 Weaknesses 282 Background: The V-Model 283 Technique 284 Worked Example 290 Comparisons 296 Keywords 297 References 297 Recommended Reading 298 Chapter 15 Project Stories: Combining Life-cycle Process Models Applicability 299 Position in the Life Cycle 299 Key Features 300 Strengths 300 Weaknesses 300 Technique 300 Conclusion 323 Keywords 324 References 324 Recommended Reading 324 Part III Scenarios in Action: Case Studies Chapter 16 Story Use and Reuse in Automotive Systems Engineering Type of Project 329 Applicability 329 Position in the Life Cycle 330 Roles Played by Scenarios 330 Strengths 330 Weaknesses 330 Introduction 330 Automotive Software Development 331 Stories in Automotive Software Development 334 Lessons Learnt 342 Keywords 345 References 346 Chapter 17 Systems Use and Misuse Cases in Railway A: Use Cases for Train Control Requirements Discovery 347 Type of Project 347 Applicability 348 Position in the Life Cycle 348 Roles Played by Scenarios 348 Strengths 348 Weaknesses 348 Case Study 349 Methods and Tools 350 Approach 350 Lessons Learnt 352 Keywords 353 B: Misuse Cases for a Seats Trade-Off 354 Type of Project 354 Applicability 354 Position in the Life Cycle 354 Roles Played by Scenarios 354 Strengths 355 Weaknesses 355 Case Study 355 Lessons Learnt 360 Summary 361 Keywords 362 References 362 Chapter 18 Scenarios in Air Traffic Control (ATC) Applicability 363 Roles in the Life Cycle 364 Key Features 364 Strengths 364 Weaknesses 365 Background 366 Results 372 Keywords 376 References 376 Chapter 19 Scenarios and Quality Requirements in Telecommunications Type of Project 379 Applicability 379 Position in the Life Cycle 380 Roles Played by Scenarios 380 Strengths 380 Weaknesses 380 Case Study 381 Lessons Learnt 389 Acknowledgements 391 Keywords 391 References 391 Chapter 20 Scenarios in Rail Rolling Stock with Reveal Applicability 393 Position in the Life Cycle 394 Key Features 394 Strengths 394 Weaknesses 395 Case Study 396 Lessons Learnt 408 Keywords 409 References 409 Chapter 21 Evaluating Scenarios by Simulation Type of Project 411 Applicability 412 Position in the Life Cycle 412 Roles Played by Scenarios 412 Strengths 412 Weaknesses 412 Case Study 413 Lessons Learnt 425 Keywords 426 References 426 Part IV The Way Ahead Chapter 22 Putting Scenarios Into Practice Which Kind of Scenario, When? 431 Which Scenario Technique, When? Conclusions from Part 2 432 Who, and Why? 435 Scenarios Everywhere? 436 How Does Project Scale Affect Scenario Usage? 437 Into Practice: Conclusions from the Part 3 Case Studies 439 Do Scenarios Replace Requirements? 440 Getting Started 443 Keywords 444 References 444 Chapter 23 Teaching Computer Scientists To Make Use Challenges in Teaching Students to Make Use 445 Comparisons—Scenarios for Making Use 446 Using Cases to Teach Scenario-Based Usability Engineering 449 Strengths and Weaknesses 458 Discussion and Future Directions 459 Acknowledgements 461 Keywords 461 References 462 Recommended Readings 463 Chapter 24 What Scenarios (Still) Aren’t Good for Continuous Behaviour 465 Very Large Systems 466 Fragmentary Models 466 Episodic, Allusory 467 Domain-Specific? 467 Which Representation? 467 Open-Ended 468 Tacit Knowledge 468 Non-Functional Requirements (NFRs) 468 Summary 468 References 469 Chapter 25 The Future of Scenarios Introduction: Horses for Courses 471 Towards a Framework 471 Representation 471 Process 472 Domain Knowledge 473 COTS 473 Dissemination 473 Summary 474 References 474 Appendix 1 Scenario-based System Development Templates 475 Appendix 2 Exercises 499 Appendix 3 Answers to Exercises 501 Glossary 507 Index 513

About the Author :
Ian F Alexander is an independent consultant researches with DaimlerChrysler (in Ulm, Germany) he also writes, teaches, and consults on requirements, especially scenarios.. He is on the committee of the BCS Requirements Engineering Specialist Group and runs the Requirements chapter of the IEE Professional Network for Systems Engineers. He has written extensively on Requirements Neil Maiden is a Reader and Head of the Centre for Human-Computer Interface Design, in City University's School of Informatics, London UK. He is co-founder and treasurer of the British Computer Society Requirements Engineering Specialist Group.

Review :
"... this book is a breath of fresh air, providing practical guidance on incorporating techniques and approaches to the development cycle." --Usability Consultant