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Home > Medicine & Health Science textbooks > Medical specialties, branches of medicine > Pharmacology > Illegal Drugs: A Complete Guide to Their History, Chemistry, Use, and Abuse
Illegal Drugs: A Complete Guide to Their History, Chemistry, Use, and Abuse

Illegal Drugs: A Complete Guide to Their History, Chemistry, Use, and Abuse


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About the Book

Does Ecstasy cause brain damage? Why is crack more addictive than cocaine? What questions regarding drugs are legal to ask in a job interview? When does marijuana possession carry a greater prison sentence than murder?Illegal Drugs is the first comprehensive reference to offer timely, pertinent information on every drug currently prohibited by law in the United States.  It includes their histories, chemical properties and effects, medical uses and recreational abuses, and associated health problems, as well as addiction and treatment information. Additional survey chapters discuss general and historical information on illegal drug use, the effect of drugs on the brain, the war on drugs, drugs in the workplace, the economy and culture of illegal drugs, and information on thirty-three psychoactive drugs that are legal in the United States, from caffeine, alcohol and tobacco to betel nuts and kava kava.

Table of Contents:
Illegal DrugsPreface Part One: Forbidden Fruit Chapter 1. Flesh of the Gods—or the Devil's Poison? The Discovery of Drugs Substances and spirits The dose makes the poison Use and abuse: the four types of drug Controlled substances How are drugs named? Why Are Some Drugs Illegal? Danger to self Danger to others Danger to society Drug terms Will the "Drug Problem" Ever Be Solved? Chapter 2. The Long, Strange History of Psychoactive Drugs Opium: The Pleasures of Poppy Juice The first drug problem American inventions: the pipe and the syringe Opium Wars "Soldier's disease": morphine in the American Civil War A better morphine: codeine and heroin Addiction alarms Marijuana: The Ancient Herb The big numb A woman's drug Hashish assassins? The sacred becomes profane Rape and dope Marihuana becomes marijuana Marijuana as medicine Modern recreational use Cocaine: The Sacred Leaf Gift from the gods From coca to cocaine The drink of kings and popes Freudian slip Things don't go better with coke Hallucinogens: Mind, Myth, and Madness Eleusian mysteries Fear of witches Do hallucinogens cause hallucinations? Set and setting Military takes notice Psychedelic therapy Counterculture crackdown Chapter 3. The War on Drugs A Century of Increasing Drug Control 1906: Pure Food and Drug act 1909: Smoking Opium Exclusion Act 1915: Harrison Narcotic Act 1917: The first War on Drugs 1920: Prohibition 1937: Marihuana Tax Act 1965: Drug Abuse Control Amendments 1970: Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention & Control Act 1972: Nixon's War on Drugs 1981: Reagan's War on Drugs 1984: Comprehensive Crime Control Act 1986: Anti-Drug Abuse Act 1986: Controlled Substances Analogue Enforcement Act 1993: Clinton's War on Drugs 2001: Bush's War on Drugs How Is a Drug Made Illegal? How does a substance become a "drug of abuse"? Five Schedules of Controlled Substances Drugs Illegal in the United States Schedule I. Controlled Substances Schedule II. Controlled Substances Federal and State Drug Laws Types of drug crime Federal drug penalties: marijuana Federal drug penalties: other drugs "But Officer . . .!" Chapter 4. Drug Use and Abuse The Notion of Substance Abuse Types of illegal drug use Drug Use Illnesses Single-dose problems Intavenous drug use Overdose Long-term problems Withdrawal Pregnancy Addiction Substance dependence Stages of addiction Stages of recovery Twelve-step program Drug Resistance Educational Programs Fads and fashions Top ten reasons why people use illegal drugs Top ten reasons why people do not use illegal drugs Chapter 5. Drugs at Work: Employee Drug Testing Hazards of Drug Use in Industry Federal regulations: the NIDA 5 Workplace Drug Monitoring Americans with Disabilities Act Drug testing programs How are people tested for drugs? Chain of custody Tampered specimens Laboratory analysis Can Drug Tests Be Fooled? Adulteration products Diluted urine Legal medications that can cause positive drug tests What Happens When a Drug Test Is Positive? Chapter 6. Chemicals and the Brain The Quickest Way to the Brain How are drugs taken? Blood-brain barrier Mental road map The Anatomy of a Neuron Mind and matter Electrical signals Sending and Receiving Signals: Neurotransmitters Locks and keys Excitement and inhibition Acetylcholine Dopamine Epinephrine GABA and Glutamate Norepinephrine Opioids and endorphins Serotonin Drugs and their neurotransmitters Natural, Synthetic, and Designer Drugs Natural drugs Synthetic drugs Designer drugs Testing drug purity A Little Chemistry (Just Enough to Make Sense of It All) Simple molecules Breaking down a drug name Opiates and opioids The amphetamine family The indole hallucinogens Metabolism of Drugs Types of Tolerance A Final Word: The Secret of Psychoactive Drugs Contact high Non-drug altered states of consciousness Chapter 7. Just Say Know Illegal Drug Use Today By their drugs so shall ye know them National drug surveys Street terms and slang words The Business of Illegal Drugs Basic economics: supply and demand Youth employment Prostitution Smuggling World drug trade Psychoactive Drugs That Are Not Illegal Alcohol Amanita muscaria Amyl nitrate Ayahuasca Betel nuts Broom Caffeine Calamus California Poppy Catnip Coleus Damiana Datura Dextromethorphan Doña ana Ephedra Hawaiian baby wood rose Henbane Hops Hydrangea Inhalants Kava kava Ketamine Labelia Mandrake Morning Glory Nitrous oxide Nutmeg Salvia divinorum San Pedro Tobacco Trihexylphenidyl Virola Food for Thought Part II: Illegal Drugs from A to Z Alphabetical List of Drugs Illegal in the United States Chapter 8. Amphetamines Speed: The Story of Amphetamines From ephedra to amphetamine Ice The rise of Ritalin Other amphetamine-like drugs You can never be too thin Who Is Using Amphetamines? Meth labs Pure speed? Chemical Characteristics Testing for amphetamines Legal and illegal amphetamines Withdrawal Signs Long-term Health Problems What to Do If There Is an Overdose Chapter 9. Barbiturates Dolls and Devils: The Story of Barbiturates Three types of barbiturates Valley of the Dolls Downside of the downers Who Is Using Barbiturates? The choice of suicides Chemical Characteristics Testing for barbiturates Withdrawal Signs Long-term Health Problems What to Do If There Is an Overdose Chapter 10. Cathinone Nine Lives of Cat: The Story of Cathinone Migration of people and their drugs Methcathinone Who Is Using Cathinone? Cat contaminants Chemical Characteristics Withdrawal Signs Long-term Health Problems What to Do If There Is an Overdose Chapter 11. Cocaine Flake: The Story of Cocaine Chewing coca Coca becomes powder cocaine Powder cocaine becomes freebase Freebase becomes crack Who Is Using Cocaine? Traditional use: Coqueros Medical use Recreational use The Colombian cartels From field to flake: the making of cocaine Economics of crack Pure coke? Chemical Characteristics Cocaine and alcohol Testing for cocaine Withdrawal Signs Long-term Health Problems Cocaine nose Cocaine lungs Cocaine and the heart Cocaine and the brain Cocaine paranoia Cocaine babies What to Do If There Is an Overdose Chapter 12. DMT, Bufotenine, and Psilocybin Businessman's High: The Story of DMT Who Is Using DMT? Smoking Toad: The Story of Bufotenine Toxins and toadstools Mayan toad statues Toad licking in Australia Toad smoking in America Who Is Using Bufotenine? Magic Mushrooms: The Story of Psilocybin Who Is Using Psilocybin? Chemical Characteristics DMT Bufotenine Psilocybin Withdrawal Signs Long-term Health Problems What to Do If There Is an Overdose Chapter 13. Flunitrazepam Roofies, Rape, and Robbery: The Story of Flunitrazepam The "forget-me" pill Easy prey La Rocha becomes illegal Who Is Using Flunitrazepam? Why are roofies popular? Chemical Characteristics Testing Withdrawal Signs Long-term Health Problems What to Do If There Is an Overdose Chapter 14. GHB Dancehall Depressant: The Story of GHB Body builders Raves GBL BD Who Is Using GHB? Making GHB Medical uses Chemical Characteristics Effects on the nervous system GHB and sleep Glasgow Coma Scale Effects on the heart Effects on the lungs Other effects Testing Withdrawal Signs Long-term Health Problems What to Do If There Is an Overdose Emergency Department care Chapter 15. Ibogaine Out of Africa: The Story of Ibogaine Anti-addiction potential Who Is Using Ibogaine? Chemical Characteristics Effects Withdrawal Signs Long-term Health Problems What to Do If There Is an Overdose Chapter 16. LSD Acid: The Story of LSD Who Is Using LSD? Pure LSD? Chemical Characteristics Withdrawal Signs Long-term Health Problems Flashbacks What to Do If There Is an Overdose Chapter 17. Marijuana Up in Smoke: The Story of Marijuana Joints and blunts Acapulco Gold and Maui Wowie Sinsemilla Hashish Hash oil Superweed Medical marijuana Marinol: a medical substitute The debate continues Who Is Using Marijuana? Going Dutch Medical use NORML Chemical Characteristics Effects Marijuana and the brain Drug testing Withdrawal Signs Reverse tolerance Long-term Health Problems Marijuana and the immune system Other health problems Is marijuana addictive? What to Do If There Is an Overdose Chapter 18. MDMA Adam, Eve, and Ecstasy: The Story of MDMA From amphetamines to MDA Empathy agent Designer drugs Alphabet (and chemical) soup 2C-B Who Is Using MDMA? Is that pill Ecstasy? Chemical Characteristics Effects Ecstasy and sex Nerve destruction Withdrawal Signs Terrible Tuesdays Long-term Health Problems Brain damage What to Do If There Is an Overdose Chapter 19. Methaqualone and Glutethimide 'Luding Out: The Story of Methaqualone and Glutethimide Who Is Using Methaqualone & Glutethimide? Chemical Characteristics Withdrawal Signs Long-term Health Problems What to Do If There Is an Overdose Chapter 20. Opiates The First Narcotics: The Story of Opiates Opium Morphine Codeine Heroin Medically Used and Abused Opiate Derivatives Hydrocodone Hydromorphone Ketobimidone Oxycodone Thebaine Tilidine Opioids: Synthetic Narcotics Anileridine Etorphine Fentanyl LAAM Meperidine Methadone Propoxyphene Other illegal opioids Who Is Using Opiates? Purity of heroin Another form of China White Chemical Characteristics Effects Testing for opiates Poppy seed positive Withdrawal Signs Treating opiate addiction Ultra-rapid detox Long-term Health Problems What To Do If There Is an Overdose Chapter 21. PCP Angel Dust: The Story of PCP Who Is Using PCP? Chemical Characteristics Testing for PCP Withdrawal Signs Long-term Health Problems What to Do If There Is an Overdose Chapter 22. Peyote and Mescaline Divine Cactus: The Story of Peyote and Mescaline Varities of hallucinogenic cacti The flesh of God Mescaline The Native American Church Why is peyote illegal? Whos Is Using Peyote and Mescaline? Inside an NAC peyote ceremony Mescaline use Chemical Characteristics Withdrawal Signs Long-term Health Problems What to Do If There Is an Overdose Part III. Self-help Resources Self-help Resources Drug identification Further information Drug abuse prevention and treatment coordinators Notes Photographic Acknowledgments Index

About the Author :
 Dr. Paul Gahlinger has been involved in drug research since 1984 and is a professor of medicine at the University of Utah.  He is a certified substance abuse medical review officer, an FAA aviation medical examiner, and a consultant for NASA at the Kennedy Space Center, and a passionate spokesperson on drug issues.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9780452285057
  • Publisher: Penguin Putnam Inc
  • Publisher Imprint: Plume
  • Height: 234 mm
  • No of Pages: 480
  • Spine Width: 26 mm
  • Weight: 646 gr
  • ISBN-10: 0452285054
  • Publisher Date: 30 Dec 2003
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: English
  • Returnable: Y
  • Sub Title: A Complete Guide to Their History, Chemistry, Use, and Abuse
  • Width: 190 mm


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