Acidification Research: Evaluation and Policy Applications(v. 50 Studies in Environmental Science S.)

A large number of nationwide research programmes in the field of acidification have been carried out in the last decade. Especially in Western Europe, extensive programmes have resulted in a good overview of all the effects - mostly negative - caused by acidifying substances. There is now consensus that types of acidification damage relate to the unique geography of an area: air pollution affects vegetation; acid aerosol the ozone layer. New in this volume, is the relation between scientific results of integrated research programmes and policy actions to prevent, reduce and limit the widespread damage caused by acidification. The results of many different national research programmes are evaluated and compared to present a unique compilation for the research scientist and policy maker. In this volume thematic reviews on specific topics of acidification research are presented, followed by overviews of acidification policy plans and actual abatement plans. The result is the best review of acidification research carried out worldwide during the last decade and presentation of the critical relation between research results and policy actions.

Table of Contents:
Foreword. Session A. Opening session. Acidification: an international problem (J.G.M. Alders). Acidification as an example of the link between science and policy (G.J.R. Wolters, H. Marseille). Acidification research and policy in the province Limburg (H.W. Riem, B.R. Pasma, D. van Nierop). Session B. State-of-the-art of acidification research. Forest vegetation and acidification: a critical review (R. Schlaepfer). Global environmental change: implications for acid deposition research (D.J. Waters, P.G. Whitehead). The role of ammonia in acidification: perspective for the prevention and reduction of emissions from livestock operations (A.A. Jongebreur, J.H. Voorburg). Emissions of acidifying components (M. Amann). Acidification of forests and forest soils: current status (E. Matzner). Stress combinations in forests (J.L. Innes). Effects of increasing nitrogen deposition and acidification on heathlands (J.A. Lee, S.J.M. Caporn, D.J. Read). The interaction of forest vegetation and soils with the aquatic environment; effects of catchment liming on lakes (T.R.K. Dalziel, G. Howells, R.A. Skeffington). Higher order effects (L. Reijnders). Acidifying effects on groundwater (J. Soveri). Monitoring for the future: integrated biogeochemical cycles in representative catchments (T. Paces). The critical loads concept for the control of acidification (J.-P. Hettelingh, R.J. Downing, P.A.M. de Smet). Session C. Acidification policy. Canadian acid rain policy (S.Milburn-Hopwood, K.J. Puckett). Acidification policy in Finland (E. Lumme). Acidification policy - control of acidifying emissions in Germany (B. Scharer). Acidification policy in Hungary (E. Kovacs). Acidfication abatement policy - The Netherlands experience (G.J.A. Al, V.G. Keizer). The convention on long-range transboundary air pollution: its achievements and its potential (H. Wuster). Acidification policy - Sweden (K. Lovgren, G. Persson, E. Thornelof). Air pollution control policy in Switzerland (B.C. Galli Purghart). Acidification research: evaluation and policy applications; a United Kingdom policy response (R.G. Derwent, R.B. Wilson). Acidification policy in the United States (D. Leaf). Session D. New research results on the acidification problem. Setting priorities for the measurement of acid aerosols and gases: 3 examples for Switzerland (P.A. Alean-Kirkpatric, J. Hertz). High resolution assessment of acid deposition fluxes (W.A.J. van Pul et al.). Measuring and modelling atmospheric dry deposition in complex forest terrain (G.P.J. Draaijers et al.). The transplantation of four species of Lobaria lichens to demonstrate a field acid rain effect (A.M. Farmer, J.W. Bates, J.N.B. Bell). Acidification research activities in Poland (W.A. Mill). Critical loads for Dutch forest soils (W. de Vries et al.). Scenario analysis with the Dutch Acidification Systems (DAS) model; an example for forests and forest soils (A. Tiktak et al.).