Brain Extracellular Matrix in Health and Disease: Volume 214(Volume 214 Progress in Brain Research)

In the central nervous system, extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, including hyaluronic acid, chondroitin and heparan sulfate proteoglycans, tenascins, reelin and agrin, along with their remodelling enzymes, such as neurotrypsin, neuropsin, plasminogen activators, and metalloproteinases, are secreted by neural and non-neural cells into the extracellular space to form the ECM and signal via ECM receptors. Despite recent advances in the ECM field, the importance of neural ECM for physiological and pathological processes is currently less widely recognized than that of other CNS elements. This book will enlighten recent progress in our understanding of mechanisms by which neural ECM, its receptors and activity-dependent ECM remodeling regulate neural development, synaptic plasticity, and contribute to pathological changes in the brain. In the first part, the roles of ECM signaling and proteolytic modification of ECM in neurogenesis, neural migration, axonal pathfinding, synaptogenesis, synaptic and homeostatic plasticity will be discussed. The second part will focus on the emerging ECM-dependent mechanisms associated with CNS injury, epilepsy, neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. For further development of neural ECM field, a very important contribution is the third part of the book, which is devoted to neural ECM-targeting tools and therapeutics. The concluding fourth part will highlight advances in development of artificial ECM and ECM-based systems suitable for multisite recording and stimulation of neural cells.

Table of Contents:
Regulation of The Neural Stem Cell Compartment by Extracellular Matrix Constituents Neural ECM and Synaptogenesis Neural ECM Molecules in Synaptic Plasticity, Learning and Memory Neural ECM Molecules in Axonal and Synaptic Homeostatic Plasticity ECM Receptors in Neuronal Structure, Synaptic Plasticity, and Behavior Neural ECM Proteases in Learning and Synaptic Plasticity Neural ECM in Laminar Organization and Connectivity Development in Healthy and Diseased Human Brain Neural ECM in Regeneration and Rehabilitation On the Structure and Functions of Gelatinase B/Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Neuroinflammation ECM in Brain Aging and Dementia Neural ECM and Epilepsy Neural ECM in Addiction, Schizophrenia and Mood Disorder Current Microscopic Methods for the Neural ECM Analysis Endogenous and Synthetic MMP Inhibitors in CNS Physiopathology Targeting of ECM Molecules and Their Metabolizing Enzymes and Receptors for the Treatment of CNS Diseases Neural ECM Mimetics Integration of Micro-Structured Scaffolds, Neurons and Multielectrode Arrays Intracellular Signaling and Perception of Neuronal Scaffold through Integrins and Their Adapter Proteins

About the Author :
Dr. Pitkänen is currently a Professor of Neurobiology at the University of Eastern Finland in Kuopio, Finland. She has over a 30 years’ experience in working and developing animal models of acquired epilepsy and phenotyping of epilepsy models, using histologic and molecular analysis, behavioral tests, long-term video-EEG and MRI imaging. She is a leader in epilepsy research and has participated in several NINDS on Epilepsy Models Workshops and worked in several ILAE Committees related to preclinical modelling and use of models to develop better therapies for epilepsy. She has an h-index of 52 and has over 279 publications.