Handbook of Spent Hydroprocessing Catalysts: Regeneration, Rejuvenation, Reclamation, Environment and Safety

7 1/2 X 9 1/4 in 1. INTRODUCTION 2. DEVELOPMENT IN PETROLEUM REFINING 2 .1. Conventional Refineries 2.2. Revamped conventional refineries 2.3. Advanced Refineries 3. HYDROPROCESSING OF PETROLEUM 3. 1. Feeds for Hydroprocessing 3.1.1. Light feeds 3.1.2. Medium hea vy feeds 3.1.3. Heavy and extra heavy feeds 3.2. Hydroprocessing r eactions 3.3. Hydroprocessing Catalysts 3.3.1. Structure and chemi cal composition 3.3.1.1. Co(Ni)-Mo(W)-S phase 3.3.1.2. Brim site m odel 3.3.1.3. Co-Mo-S? phase 3.3.1.4. Effect of support 3.3.1.5 . Physical properties 3.3.1.6.Improved hydroprocessing catalysts 3 .4. Hydroprocessing Reactors and Processes 3.4.1. Fixed bed reactor s ystems 3.4.1.1. Unibon process 3.4.1.2. ARDS and Hyvahl processes< BR>3.4.2. Moving and ebullated bed reactors. 3.4.3. Comparison of hyd roprocessing reactors 4. CATALYST DEACTIVATION 4.1. Deactiv ation Due to Structural Change of Catalyst 4.2. Deactivation by Coke and Nitrogen Bases 4.3. Combined Effect of Coke and Metals on Deactiv ation 4.4. Effect of Temperature and Hydrogen Pressure 4.5. Effect

Table of Contents:
1. Introduction2. Developments in Petroleum Refining3. Hydroprocessing of Petroleum4. Catalyst Deactivation5. Environmental and Safety aspects of spent Hydroprocessing Catalysts6. Regeneration7. Rejuvenation8. Cascading9. New Catalysts from Spent Catalysts10. Preparation of Useful Materials from Spent Catalysts11. Spent Catalysts from Dewaxing12. Metal Reclamation from Spent Catalysts13. Markets and Price trends for Metals in Spent Hydroprocessing Catalysts14. Future Perspectives15. References

About the Author :
Dr. Marafi received her Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from Aston University/England. Her areas of specialization include: petroleum refining/processes and catalysis, catalyst deactivation, regeneration, rejuvenation and recycling, crude oil assay, petroleum characterization and catalyst development. Dr. Marafi has over 88 publications, including, 2 books, 25 papers published in refereed journals, 25 papers presented in international/local conferences, and 36 reports (technical reports/final reports/progress reports related to projects carried out). Lead 14 contractual projects in the area of petroleum refining and catalysis. Dr. Stanislaus has over 30 years of research experience in catalysts and processes related to petroleum refining. His research experience includes: upgrading of petroleum residues by catalytic hydroprocessing, deep desulfurization and aromatics hydrogenation of diesel blending streams (clean fuels production), naphtha catalytic reforming for octane improvement, kinetics of hydrotreating reactions, catalyst deactivation and regeneration, spent catalyst reactivation and utilization, catalyst development, characterization, and performance testing. He has published over 100 scientific papers in International Journals and books. Dr. Furimsky has some forty years of research in the conversion of petroleum, coal and natural gas to various commercial products. The studies on upgrading petroleum feeds included hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, hydrodeoxygenation, catalyst deactivation and regeneration. The environmental and safety aspects as well as utilization options for spent refinery catalysts were part of the research as well. Scientific productivity includes two books, several book chapters and a dozen of reviews on various aspects of hydroprocessing catalysis, petroleum refining and utilization of refinery residues. Some 130 articles appeared in the referred scientific journals.