Techniques of Staircase Construction: Technical and Design Instructions for Stairs Made of Wood, Steel, Concrete and Natural Stone

This book should be of interest to architects, engineers and builders.

Table of Contents:
1. General theory of stair construction.- 1.1. Concepts, terminology, and dimensions of stairs.- 1.1.1. Plan shapes, including area and space requirements for stairs and staircases.- 1.1.2. Dimensional terms relating to stairs.- 1.2. Design types of stairs and stair railings.- 1.2.1. Stairs made from wood.- 1.2.2. Stairs made predominantly from steel.- 1.2.3. Stairs made predominantly from stone and concrete.- 1.3. Design types of stair railings.- 1.3.1. Railings made from various materials.- 1.3.2. Railings with load-bearing handrails (stairs with suspended treads).- 1.3.3. Handrail profiles.- 1.3.3.1. Handrails made from wood.- 1.3.3.2. Handrails made from steel, nonferrous metals, or plastic materials.- 1.3.3.3. Grab rails.- 1.4. Description of stairs and terminology of stair parts in completed projects.- 1.4.1. Space-saving stairs.- 1.4.1.1. Space-saving straight stairs.- 1.4.1.2. Space-saving spiral stairs.- 1.5. Types of steps.- 1.5.1. Types of steps, defined by the cross section of the step.- 1.5.2. Types of steps, by materials.- 1.5.3. Surface finishes.- 1.5.4. Edge finishes.- 2. Regulations and recommendations.- 2.1. Statutory regulations.- 2.1.1. Regulations on implementation.- 2.2. DIN standards.- 2.3. Important extracts from DIN regulations.- 3. Calculation and design of elevations for stairs and stair parts.- 3.1. Calculation of stairs.- 3.1.1. Stair pitch.- 3.1.2. Rise/run patio.- 3.1.2.1. Design of rise/run dimensions on the basis of given floor heights and basic dimensions.- 3.1.2.2. Calculation of the basic stair dimensions on the basis of the given floor height.- 3.1.2.3. Calculation of rise/run ratio with a stair pitch of less than 20 .- 3.1.2.4. Rise/run tables.- 3.2. Walking line.- 3.2.1. Function of the walking line.- 3.2.2. Two walking lines on stairs with two-way traffic.- 3.2.2.1. Calculation of the rise/run ratio for spiral stairs with two-way traffic.- 3.3. Flight widths.- 3.4. Headroom.- 3.5. Floor openings for staircases.- 3.5.1. Determination of the amount of ceiling stagger.- 3.6. Plans and elevations of spiral staircases.- 3.6.1. Stair plan.- 3.6.2. Tapering of steps in circular staircases.- 3.6.2.1. Tapering of steps by the circular arc method.- 3.6.2.2. Tapering of steps by the flight-line method.- 3.6.2.3. Tapering of steps by the angle method.- 3.6.2.4. Tapering of steps by the trapeze method.- 3.6.2.5. Tapering of steps by the mathematical method.- 3.6.2.6. Tapering of steps by the freehand method.- 3.6.3. Tapering of steps-effects on the stair railing.- 3.7. String and handrail wreaths.- 3.7.1. Types of wreaths.- 3.7.2. Wreath designations.- 3.7.3. Vertical wreaths.- 3.7.3.1. Elevation of vertical wreaths.- 3.7.4. Horizontal wreaths.- 3.7.4.1. Design types.- 3.7.4.2. Elevation of horizontal quarter-wreaths.- 3.7.4.3. Elevation of half-wreaths.- 3.8. Historic stairs-elevation, tapering of steps, wreaths.- 3.9. Half-landings with stair railings above.- 3.9.1. Landing types.- 3.9.2. Dimensioning of the going of landings in the direction of the walking line.- 3.9.2.1. Design of quarter-landings at different heights.- 3.9.3. Design of quarter-landings with stair railings above and wreaths.- 3.9.3.1. Quarter-landings of a string staircase with angular turn of the stair rail.- 3.9.3.2. Quarter-landings on stairs without string and with angular turn of the stair rail.- 3.9.3.3. Quarter-landings with handrail wreaths for stairs without strings.- 3.9.4. Half-landings with stair railings above and wreaths.- 3.9.4.1. Arrangement of steps-stair railings.- 3.9.4.2. Turning points of angular railings-transition points.- 3.9.4.3. Turning points using railing wreaths in staircases without strings.- 3.9.4.3.1. Design of a half-wreath between flights of stairs with equal pitch.- 3.9.4.3.2. Design of a half-wreath between flights of stairs with unequal pitch.- 3.9.4.4. Turning points on string stairs with stair and railing wreath.- 3.9.4.4.1. Design of a half-wreath between flights of stairs with equal pitch.- 3.9.4.4.2. Effects of the arrangement of steps on the view of the landing from below.- 3.9.4.4.3. Grid pattern for the design of a half-landing wreath.- 3.10. Newel staircases.- 3.10.1. Determination of the plan on the basis of headroom.- 3.10.2. Starting sections of spiral newel staircases.- 3.10.3. Plan, on the basis of headroom and access area, of spiral staircases with a diameter of more than 1.50 m.- 3.10.4. Spiral newel staircases-guide dimensions-types.- 3.10.5. Spiral newel staircases with unusual plans.- 3.10.5.1. Spiral staircases with unusual starting and finishing arrangements.- 3.10.6. Arrangement of starting and top landing sections of newel staircases.- 3.11. Covering stairs with textile or PVC and with stair nosing.- 3.11.1. Covering steps and strings with textile materials.- 3.12. Renovating old stairs.- 3.12.1. Lining with wood.- 3.12.2. Lining with textiles or PVC.- 3.12.3. Creaking stairs-curing the creaking noise.- 3.13. Stair railings.- 3.13.1. Stair railings made from ornamental ironwork.- 3.13.2. Steel stair railing on steel stairs.- 3.13.3. Wooden stair railing.- 3.13.3.1. Stair railing components.- 3.13.4. Wooden stair railings with provision for flower boxes.- 3.13.5. Handrails with glass panels.- 3.13.6. Carvings on stairs.- 3.14. Stairs in gardens and similar outdoor areas.- 3.14.1. Elevation of outdoor stairs.- 3.14.2. Technical hints on the construction of stairs in gardens and outdoor areas.- Sources.- DIN 4174 Floor heights and stair rises.- DIN 18064 Stairs, terms.