Handbook of Venoms and Toxins of Reptiles

A decade after publication of the first edition, Handbook of Venoms and Toxins of Reptiles responds to extensive changes in the field of toxinology to endure as the most comprehensive review of reptile venoms on the market. The six sections of this new edition, which has nearly doubled in size, complement the original handbook by presenting current information from many of the leading researchers and physicians in toxinology, with topics ranging from functional morphology, evolution and ecology to crystallography, -omics technologies, drug discovery and more. With the recent recognition by the World Health Organization of snakebite as a neglected tropical disease, the section on snakebite has been expanded and includes several chapters dealing with the problem broadly and with new technologies and the promises these new approaches may hold to counter the deleterious effects of envenomation. This greatly expanded handbook offers a unique resource for biologists, biochemists, toxicologists, physicians, clinicians, and epidemiologists, as well as informed laypersons interested in the biology of venomous reptiles, the biochemistry and molecular biology of venoms, and the effects and treatment of human envenomation.

Table of Contents:
Preface About the Editor Contributors Section I: Introduction and Technologies Used in Toxinology 1. Reptile venoms and toxins: Unlimited opportunities for basic and applied research – Stephen P. Mackessy 2. Present and future of snake venom proteomics profiling – Juan J. Calvete and Bruno Lomonte 3. Applications of genomics and related technologies for studying reptile venoms – Drew R. Schield, Blair W. Perry, Giulia I.M. Pasquesi, Richard W. Orton, Zachary L. Nikolakis, Aundrea K. Westfall, Todd A. Castoe 4. Snake venom gland transcriptomics – Cassandra M. Modahl and Rajeev Kungur Brahma 5. X-ray crystallography and structural studies of toxins – Vinícius Lucatelle da Silva, Ricardo Barros Mariutti, Mônika Aparecida Coronado, Raphael Josef Eberle, Fábio Rogério de Moraes and Raghuvir Krishnaswamy Arni 6. Envenomations and Treatment: Translating between the bench and the bedside – Nicklaus Brandehoff and Jordan Benjamin 7. Current assessment of the state of snake venom toxinological research with a view to the future – Sarah Natalie Cirilo Gimenes and Jay W. Fox Section II: Venom Gland Structure, Systematics and Ecology 8. Reptile venom glands: Form, function, future, concepts and controversies – Scott A. Weinstein 9. Advances in venomous snake systematics, 2009-2019 - Wolfgang Wüster 10. Biochemical ecology of venomous snakes – Cara F. Smith and Stephen P. Mackessy 11. Resistance of native species to reptile venoms –– Danielle H. Drabeck Section III: Reptile Venom Non-enzymatic Toxins 12. Three-finger toxins – Rajeev Kungur Brahma, Cassandra M. Modahl and R. Manjunatha Kini 13. Myotoxin a, crotamine and defensin homologs in reptile venoms – Lucas C. Porta, Pedro Z. Amaral, Paulo Z. Amaral and Mirian A. F. Hayashi 14. Reptile venom disintegrins – Anthony J. Saviola and Juan J. Calvete 15. Reptile venom cysteine-rich secretory proteins – María Elisa Peichoto and Marcelo Larami Santoro 16. Bradykinin-potentiating and related peptides from reptile venoms - Daniel Carvalho Pimenta and Patrick Jack Spencer 17. Exendins and its related proteins – Michelle Khai Khun Yap and Nurhamimah Misuan 18. Reptile venom C-type-lectins – Kenneth J. Clemetson 19. Snake venom Kunitz-type inhibitors and cystatins – structure and function – Elda E. Sánchez, Emelyn Salazar, Montamas Suntravat and Francisco Torres 20. Small molecular constituents of snake venoms – Alejandro Villar-Briones and Steven D. Aird 21. Cobra venom factor: Structure, function, biology, research tool and drug lead – Carl-Wilhelm Vogel, Brian E. Hew and David C. Fritzinger 22. Snake toxins targeting diverse ion channels - Matan Geron and Avi Priel Section IV: Reptile Venom Enzyme Toxins 23. Thrombin-like serine proteinases in reptile venoms – Stephen D. Swenson, Samantha Stack and Francis S. Markland Jr. 24. Snake venom metalloproteinases – Charlotte A. Dawson, Stuart Ainsworth, Laura-Oana Albulescu and Nicholas R. Casewell 25. Snake venom matrix metalloproteinases (svMMPs): Alternative proteolytic enzymes in rear-fanged snake venoms – Inácio L. M. Junqueira-de-Azevedo and Juan David Bayona-Serrano 26. Snake venom phospholipase A2 toxins – Bruno Lomonte and Igor Križaj 27. Reptile venom L-amino acid oxidases – structure and function – Juliana P. Zuliania, Mauro V. Paloschi, Adriana S. Pontes, Charles N. Boeno, Jéssica A. Lopes, Sulamita S. Setubal, Fernando B. Zanchi and Andreimar M. Soares 28. Snake venom nucleases, nucleotidases, and phosphomonoesterases - Jüri Siigur and Ene Siigur 29. Reptile venom acetylcholinesterases - Mushtaq Ahmed, Wasim Ahmad, Nadia Mushtaq, Rehmat Ali Khan and Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger 30. Inhibitors of reptile venom toxins – Ana F. Gómez Garay, Jorge J. Alfonso, Anderson M. Kayano, Juliana C. Sobrinho, Cleopatra A. S. Caldeira, Rafaela Diniz-Sousa, Fernando B. Zanchi, Juliana P. Zuliani, and Andreimar M. Soares Section V: Global Approaches to Envenomations and Treatments 31. Snakebite envenomation as a neglected tropical disease: new impetus for confronting an old scourge – José María Gutiérrez 32. Current industrial production of snake antivenoms – Mariángela Vargas, Melvin Sánchez, Andrés Hernández, Aarón Gómez, Mauricio Arguedas, Andrés Sánchez, Laura Sánchez, Mauren Villalta, María Herrera and Álvaro Segura 33. Antivenom in the age of recombinant DNA technology – Andreas H. Laustsen 34. Epidemiology and treatment of reptile envenomations in the United States – Daniel E. Keyler and Nicklaus Brandehoff 35. Envenomations by reptiles in México – Edgar Neri-Castro, Melisa Bénard-Valle, Jorge López de León, Leslie Boyer and Alejandro Alagón 36. Snakebite envenomation in Central America: Epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment – José María Gutiérrez 37. Snakebite in Southeast Asia: Envenomation and clinical management– Nget Hong Tan, Kae Yi Tan and Choo Hock Tan 38. Snake envenomation: Therapy and challenges in India – Ashis K. Mukherjee, Bhargab Kalita, Sumita Dutta, Aparup Patra, Chitta R. Maiti and Dileep Punde 39. Snakebite in Africa: Current situation and urgent needs – Jean-Philippe Chippaux 40. Approaches to snake envenomation in Southern Africa - James Pattinson, George Oosthuizen, Colin R. Tilbury and Darryl Wood Section VI: Reptile Venoms – Production and as a Source of Therapeutics 41. Large-scale snake colonies for venom production: Considerations and challenges – Kristen L. Wiley and James R. Harrison 42. Toxins to drugs – biochemistry and pharmacology – Zoltan Takacs

About the Author :
Stephen P. Mackessy is Professor of Biology in the School of Biological Sciences at the University of Northern Colorado (UNC). His research broadly encompasses the biology of venomous snakes and the biochemistry of snake venoms, and he has published over one hundred scientific papers, book chapters, and natural history notes.