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Home > Science, Technology & Agriculture > Technology: general issues > Technical design > Ergonomics > Introduction to Ergonomics, Second Edition
Introduction to Ergonomics, Second Edition

Introduction to Ergonomics, Second Edition


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About the Book

This core textbook has a strong cost-benefit focus and gives a comprehensive introduction to ergonomics as the study of the relationship between people and their working environment. It sets out the fundamental principles and key applications of the discipline.The reader needs only minimal scientific background knowledge, since the anatomical and physiological foundations of the subject are presented in the introductory chapters. The rest of the subject is explained in a range of social and technological contexts, including: anthropometry, biomechanics and workspace design; office work, manual handling and repetitive work; physical workload, fatigue and stress; physiological methods; environmental factors which affect productivity and health; human information processing and task performance; control and display design; cognitive ergonomics and human-machine interaction, including the internet; human error, accidents and safety; and organizational and psychosocial design of work.This new edition includes new questions at the end of each chapter, new sections on "Economic Benefits," more case studies to illustrate the text, and a glossary of scientific terms. An instructor's manual gives answers to the questions in the book and provides guidance on teaching and assessment. The text provides a new emphasis on the teaching of implementable skills, with more worked examples in the main text and in the manual, such as how to estimate spinal compression and compression tolerance limits, NIOSH equation, RASH predictions, DSE and manual handling evaluations. The book fits well with the requirements for the registration of ergonomists and provides a balanced introduction of ergonomics for new students and professionals.

Table of Contents:
PREFACE

INTRODUCTION
The Focus of Ergonomics
Ergonomics and its Areas of Application in the Work System
A Brief History of Ergonomics
Attempts to 'Humanise' Work
Modern Ergonomics
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
Future Directions for Ergonomics
Summary
Essays and Exercises

ANATOMY, POSTURE AND BODY MECHANICS
Some Basic Body Mechanics
Anatomy of the Spine and Pelvis Related to Posture
Postural Stability and Postural Adaptation
Low Back Pain
Risk Factors for Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Workplace
Behavioural Aspects of Posture
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
Research Directions
Summary
Essays and Exercises

ANTHROPOMETRIC PRINCIPLES IN WORSPACE AND EQUIPMENT DESIGN
Designing for a Population of Users
Sources of Human Variability
Anthropometry and its Uses in Ergonomics
Principles of Applied Anthropometry in Ergonomics
Application of Anthropometry in Design
Design for Everyone
Anthropometry and Personal Space
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
Research Directions
Summary
Essays and Exercises

STATIC WORK: DESIGN FOR STANDING AND SEATED WORKERS
Fundamental Aspects of Standing and Sitting
An Ergonomic Approach to Workstation Design
Design for Standing Workers
Design for Seated Workers
Worksurface Design
Visual Display Units
Guidelines for the Design of Static Work
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
Research Directions
Summary
Essays and Exercises

DESIGN OF REPETITIVE TASKS
Introduction to Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders
Injuries to the Upper Body at Work
Review of Tissue Pathomechanics and WMSDs
Disorders of the Neck
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Tennis Elbow (epidondylitis)
Disorders of the Shoulder
Lower Limbs
Ergonomic Interventions
Trends in Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
Research Directions
Summary
Essays and Exercises

DESIGN OF MANUAL HANDLING TASKS
Anatomy and Biomechanics of Manual Handling
Prevention of Manual Handling Injuries in the Workplace
Design of Manual Handling Tasks
Carrying
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
Research Issues
Summary
Essays and Exercises

WORK CAPACITY, STRESS AND FATIGUE
Stress and Fatigue
Muscles, Structure, Function and Capacity
The Cardiovascular System,
The Respiratory System,
Physical Work Capacity
Factors Affecting Work Capacity
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
Research Issues
Summary
Essays and Exercises

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS OF PHYSIOLOGY
Measurement of the Physiological Cost of Work
Applied Physiology in the Workplace
Fitness for Work
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
Research Issues
Summary
Essays and Exercises

HEAT, COLD AND THE DESIGN OF THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
Fundamentals of Human Thermoregulation
Measuring the Thermal Environmnet
Thermoregulatory Mechanisms
Work in Hot Climates
Work in Cold Climates
Skin Temperature
Protection Against Extreme Climates
Comfort and the Indoor Climate
ISO Standards
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
Research Directions
Summary
Essays and Exercises

VISION, LIGHT AND LIGHTING
Vision and the Eye
Measurement of Light
Lighting Design Considerations
Visiual Fatigue, Eyestrain and Near Work
Psychological Aspects of Indoor Lighting
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
Research Issues
Summary
Essays and Exercises

HEARING, SOUND, NOISE AND VIBRATION
Terminology
The Ear
Measurement of Sound
Ear Protection
Design of the Acoustic Environment
Industrial Noise Control
Noise and Communication
The Auditory Environment Outdoors
Effects of Noise on Task Performance
Non-auditory Effects of Noise on Health
Noise and Satisfaction
Vibration
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
Research Issues
Summary
Essays and Exercises

HUMAN INFORMATION PROCESSING, SKILL AND PERFORMANCE
A General Information Processing Model of the User
Cognitive Systems
Problem Solving
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
Research Issues
Summary
Essays and Exercises

DISPLAYS, CONTROLS AND VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS
Principles for the Design of Visual Desplays
Auditory Displays
Design of controls
Combining Displays and Controls
Virtual ('synthetic') Environments
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
Research Issues
Summary
Essays and Exercises

HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION, MEMORY AND LANGUAGE
Human-centred Design Processes for Interactive Systems
Designing Informaiton in External Memory Stores
Human-computer Dialogues
Memory and Language in Everyday Life
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
Research Issues
Summary
Essays and Exercises

HUMAN-MACHINE INTERACTION, HUMAN ERROR AND SAFETY
Human Error and dEquipment Design
Mental Workload in Human Machine Interaction
Psychological Aspects of Human Error
Characterising Human-Machine Interaction
GOMS
Prevention of Error in Human-Machine Interaction
Accidents and Safety
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
Research Issues
Summary
Essays and Exercises

SYSTEM DESIGN: ORGANISATIONAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS
Systems Design Methods for Ergonomics
Organisational Aspects: Some Macroergonomic Examples
Psychosocial Factors
Litigation
Cross-cultural Considerations
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
Research Directions
Summary
Essays and Exercises

FURTHER READING

REFERENCES

INDEX

Review :
"a very good teaching aid . The suggested essays and exercises are invaluable and will help the novice to think in an applied manner. All in all, I would recommend this book" - Ergonomics, Vol. 47, Issue 11, 2004 "The fact that the Introduction to Ergonomics is a second edition, suggests Bridger has succeeded in providing a reference textbook needed by students and which their lecturers recommendThere are also some useful brief overviews research issues at the end of each chapter and some essays and exercises that should ease the load of those who teach ergonomicsone of the particularly useful areas is the addition of guidance on standardsThe book should be invaluable for all students of ergonomics and covers the breadth of topics required by the various registration bodies." -Occupational Health Review, Issue 116, July/August 2005


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9780415273787
  • Publisher: Taylor & Francis Ltd
  • Publisher Imprint: Taylor & Francis Ltd
  • Edition: New edition
  • Language: English
  • No of Pages: 568
  • Weight: 930 gr
  • ISBN-10: 0415273781
  • Publisher Date: 10 Apr 2003
  • Binding: Hardback
  • Height: 254 mm
  • No of Pages: 568
  • Returnable: N
  • Width: 178 mm


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