Handbook of Laser Technology and Applications: Laser Applications: Medical, Metrology and Communication (Volume Four)(Handbook of Laser Technology and Applications)

This comprehensive handbook gives a fully updated guide to lasers and laser technologies, including the complete range of their technical applications. This forth volume covers laser applications in the medical, metrology and communications fields. Key Features: • Offers a complete update of the original, bestselling work, including many brand-new chapters. • Deepens the introduction to fundamentals, from laser design and fabrication to host matrices for solid-state lasers, energy level diagrams, hosting materials, dopant energy levels, and lasers based on nonlinear effects. • Covers new laser types, including quantum cascade lasers, silicon-based lasers, titanium sapphire lasers, terahertz lasers, bismuth-doped fiber lasers, and diode-pumped alkali lasers. • Discusses the latest applications, e.g., lasers in microscopy, high-speed imaging, attosecond metrology, 3D printing, optical atomic clocks, time-resolved spectroscopy, polarization and profile measurements, pulse measurements, and laser-induced fluorescence detection. • Adds new sections on laser materials processing, laser spectroscopy, lasers in imaging, lasers in environmental sciences, and lasers in communications. This handbook is the ideal companion for scientists, engineers, and students working with lasers, including those in optics, electrical engineering, physics, chemistry, biomedicine, and other relevant areas.

Table of Contents:
Contents Preface........................................................................................................................................................................................... vii Editors..............................................................................................................................................................................................ix Contributors.....................................................................................................................................................................................xi 1. Lasers in Metrology: Section Introduction...........................................................................................................................1 Julian Jones and Lance Thomas 2. Fundamental Length Metrology............................................................................................................................................3 Jens Flügge, Stefanie Kroker, and Harald Schnatz 3. Laser Velocimetry.................................................................................................................................................................23 Cameron Tropea 4. Laser Vibrometers.................................................................................................................................................................43 Neil A. Halliwell 5. Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI)........................................................................................................... 61 Lianxiang Yang and Xinya Gao 6. Optical Fibre Hydrophones..................................................................................................................................................81 Geoffrey A. Cranch and Philip J. Nash 7. Laser Stabilization for Precision Measurements............................................................................................................. 111 G. P. Barwood and P. Gill 8. Laser Cooling and Trapping..............................................................................................................................................127 Charles Adams and Ifan Hughes 9. Precision Timekeeping: Optical Atomic Clocks..............................................................................................................139 Shimon Kolkowitz and Jun Ye 10. Optical Atomic Clock and Laser Applications to Length and Time Metrology...........................................................157 Y. Jiang, Y. Huang, and K. Gao 11. Gravitation Measurements with Laser Interferometry.................................................................................................. 171 Harold V. Parks 12. Satellite Laser Ranging...................................................................................................................................................... 181 José C. Rodríguez and Graham M. Appleby 13. Lasers in Medical: Section Introduction..........................................................................................................................199 Terence A. King and Brian C. Wilson 14. Light–Tissue Interactions...................................................................................................................................................201 Steven Jacques and Michael Patterson 15. Ophthalmic Laser Therapy and Surgery.........................................................................................................................227 Daniel Palanker 16. Therapeutic Application: Refractive Surgery..................................................................................................................243 Leonardo Mastropasqua 17. Photodynamic Therapy......................................................................................................................................................249 Brian C. Wilson and Stephen G. Bown 18. Therapeutic Applications: Thermal Treatment of Tumours.......................................................................................... 261 Stephen G. Bown 19. Therapeutic Applications: Dermatology—Selective Photothermolysis.........................................................................267 Sean Lanigan 20. Therapeutic Applications: Lasers in Vascular Surgery..................................................................................................273 Mahesh Pai 21. Therapeutic Applications: Free-Electron Laser..............................................................................................................281 E. Duco Jansen, Michael Copeland, Glenn S. Edwards, William Gabella, Karen Joos, Mark A. Mackanos, Jin H. Shen, and Stephen R. Uhlhorn 22. Medical Diagnostics............................................................................................................................................................291 Brian C. Wilson 23. Broad Bandwidth Light Sources in Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)...............................................................309 Jinxin Huang and Jannick P. Rolland 24. Laser Applications in Biology and Biotechnology........................................................................................................... 321 Sebastian Wachsmann-Hogiu, Alexander J Annala, and Daniel L Farkas 25. Biomedical Laser Safety.....................................................................................................................................................345 Harry Moseley and Bill Davies 26. Laser in Communications: Section Introduction.............................................................................................................365 John Marsh, Subhash C. Singh, and Chunlei Guo 27. Fibre-to-the-Chip: Development of Vertical Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser Arrays Designed for Integration with VLSI Circuits...................................................................................................................367 Ashok Krishnamoorthy, L. M. F. Chirovsky, K. W. Goosen, J. Lopata, and W. S. Hobson 28. Advances in Laser Satellite Communications..................................................................................................................383 Hamid Hemmati 29. Passive Silicon Photonic Integrated Components and Circuits for Optical Communications...................................397 Daoxin Dai, Yiwei Xie, and Yaocheng Shi 30. Fibre-Optic Transmission Systems from Chip-to-Chip Interconnects to Trans-Oceanic Cables.............................427 Peter J. Winzer 31. Visible Light Communications and LiFi..........................................................................................................................443 Cheng Chen, Mohamed Sufyan Islim, and Harald Haas 32. Optical Data Storage...........................................................................................................................................................463 Byoung S. Ham Index.............................................................................................................................................................................................473