Perfect for use in developmental writing courses, writing laboratories, and self-tutorial formats, this step-by-step sentence-to-paragraph developmental writing textbook combines an intense grammar review with an introduction to paragraph writing. The writing process has been broken down into manageable pieces and simple but clear explanations facilitate learning. The tightening of the integration of grammar and sentence writing correlates the acquisition of grammar skills with sentence writing in a series of exercises that conclude each chapter.
Table of Contents:
Preface
1. Getting Started: Computers, Grammar, Sentences, and Paragraphs
Standard English: Who Needs It?
Writing with the Computer
Writing Sentences
Editing Exercise
The Paragraph: An Overview
Introductory and Concluding Paragraphs
Introductions
Conclusions
Writing Paragraphs
2. The Parts of Speech: A Review
The Noun
The Pronoun
The Verb
The Adjective
The Adverb
The Preposition
The Conjunction
The Interjection
A Word of Caution
Editing Exercises
Writing Sentences: The Parts of Speech
Review Test 2-A: Parts of Speech
Review Test 2-B: Parts of Speech
Writing Paragraphs: The Topic Sentence and Unity in the Paragraph
3. Finding the Subject and the Verb in the Sentence
The Subject and the Verb
Finding the Verb
Action Verbs
Linking Verbs
Words Mistaken for the Verb
Finding the Subject
Subjects and Other Words in the Sentence
Simple and Complete Subjects
Compound Subjects
Subjects in Inverted Sentences
Subjects with Verbs in Active and Passive Voice
Subjects and Prepositional Phrases
Subjects and Verbs in Compound and Complex Sentences
Editing Exercises
Writing Sentences: Identifying Subjects and Verbs
Review Test 3-A: Finding the Subject and the Verb in the Sentence
Review Test 3-B: Finding the Subject and the Verb in the Sentence
Writing Paragraphs: Coherence in the Paragraph
Through Chronological Order
4. Making the Subject and Verb Agree
Subject-Verb Agreement
Editing Exercises
Writing Sentences: Subject and Verb Agreement
Review Test 4-A: Making the Subject and Verb Agree
Review Test 4-B: Making the Subject and Verb Agree
Writing Paragraphs: Coherence in the Paragraph Through Spatial Order
5. Common Errors Involving Verbs
Regular Verbs
Irregular Verbs
Suggestions for Using Irregular Verbs
Using the Correct Tense
A Few Suggestions for Using the Correct Tense
Shifts in Tense
Two Pairs of Irregular Verbs: Lie and Lay and Sit and Set
Lie and Lay
Sit and Set
Editing Exercises
Writing Sentences: The Correct Form of the Verb
Review Test 5-A: Common Errors
Involving Verbs
Review Test 5-B: Common Errors
Involving Verbs
Writing Paragraphs: Coherence in the Paragraph Through Order of Importance
6. Using the Correct Form of the Pronoun
The Classes of Pronouns
Personal Pronouns
Subject Pronouns
Object Pronouns
Possessive Pronouns
Relative Pronouns
Who, Which, and That: Special Uses
Intensive and Reflexive Pronouns: Pronouns Ending in -self and —selves
Some Problems with Pronouns: Who and Whom
Editing Exercises
Writing Sentences: Using the Correct Form of the Pronoun
Review Test 6-A: Using the Correct Form of the Pronoun
Review Test 6-B: Using the Correct Form of the Pronoun
Writing Paragraphs: Coherence in the Paragraph by Using Transitional Words and Phrases
7. Common Errors in Pronoun Agreement and Reference
Agreement in Number
Agreement in Person
Pronoun Reference
Avoiding Sexism in Pronoun Usage
Editing Exercises
Writing Sentences: Avoiding Common Errors in Pronoun Usage
Review Test 7-A: Common Errors in Pronoun
Agreement and Reference
Review Test 7-B: Common Errors in Pronoun
Agreement and Reference
Writing Paragraphs: Developing a Paragraph by Using Examples
8. Compound and Complex Sentences
Compound Sentences
Punctuating Compound Sentences
Complex Sentences
Three Kinds of Dependent Clauses
Editing Exercises
Writing Sentences: Using a Variety of Sentence Types
Review Test 8-A: Compound and Complex Sentences
Review Test 8-B: Compound and Complex Sentences
Writing Paragraphs: Developing a Paragraph by Comparison and Contrast
9. Correcting Sentence Fragments, Run-on Sentences, and Comma-Splices
Sentence Fragments
Phrases as Fragments
Dependent Clauses as Fragments
Run-on Sentences
Comma-Splices
Comma-Splices and Conjunctive Adverbs
Editing Exercise
Writing Sentences: Avoiding Fragments, Run-on Sentences, and Comma-Splices
Review Test 9-A: Correcting Sentence Fragments, Run-on Sentences, and Comma-Splices
Review Test 9-B: Correcting Sentence Fragments, Run-on Sentences, and Comma-Splices
Writing Paragraphs: Developing a Paragraph by Classification
10. Confused Sentences
Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers
Illogical Comparisons
Confusing Adjectives and Adverbs
Using Adjectives after Linking Verbs
Using Adverbs to Modify Verbs
Parallel Structure
Editing Exercises
Writing Sentences: Avoiding
Confused Sentences
Review Test 10-A: Confused Sentences
Review Test 10-B: Confused Sentences
Writing Paragraphs: Developing a Paragraph by Process and Analysis
11. Punctuation and Capitalization
End Marks
The Period
The Question Mark
The Exclamation Point
Internal Punctuation
The Comma
Additional Uses of the Comma
Omitting Commas
The Semicolon
The Colon
Parentheses
The Dash
Quotation Marks
Italics
The Hyphen
The Apostrophe
Numbers
Editing Exercises
Writing Sentences: Using Correct Punctuation
Capitalization
Editing Exercises
Writing Sentences: Using Correct Capitalization
Review Test 11-A: Punctuation
Review Test 11-B: Punctuation
Writing Paragraphs: Developing a Paragraph by Cause and Effect
APPENDIX A - A Checklist for the ESL Writer
Learning to Use Articles and Quantifiers
Articles (a/an and the)
Quantifiers
Problems with Verbs
The Twelve Verb Tenses
Tips for Choosing the Right Tense
Learning to Use Verb Phrases
Learning to Use Adjectives and Adverbs
Common Expressions
Using Used To
Using When and If
Using Since and For
Using -s and -es
Problems with Word Order and Unnecessary Words
Adjectives
Adverbs
Repetition of the Subject
Other Problems with Grammar, Spelling, and Punctuation
Additional Reference Books for ESL Students
APPENDIX B - A Brief Guide for Avoiding Errors in Grammar and Usage
A Glossary of Usage
A Glossary of Grammatical Terms
Answers to Selected Exercises
Credits
Index
