Spying Without Spies: Origins of America's Secret Nuclear Surveillance System

This is the first description of the formation of America's nulcear surveillance system. Drawing on interviews with participants and the little documentation available under the Freedom of Information Act, Ziegler and Jacobson tell a story not told before. They shed new light on questions raised in earlier interpretations of the early Cold War years and reveal the origins of a surveillance activity that is implied, but not explained, in today's headlines. This book provides the first documented description of the genesis and institutionalization of America's nuclear surveillance system. It traces the development of covert technical methods for assessing the nuclear capability of foreign powers from the introduction of these techniques in World War II to 1949, when they were successfully employed to detect the test of Russia's first atomic bomb. Ziegler and Jacobson examine the planning for the system as well as the technical and organizational obstacles that had to be overcome before it could be implemented. They describe the government decision-making processes and the ways individuals and groups with different beliefs and interests were mobilized in support of the program. They also explore the relationships between the intelligence and scientific communities that were forged in this process.

Table of Contents:
Introduction World War II Origins of Radiological Surveillance Postwar Hindrances to Rapid Development Technical Progress: 1945-1946 The Organizational Dust Settles Birth of the Monitoring Organization Technical Progress: 1946-1947 Sandstone and Fitzwilliam Pressures to Become Operational Vested Interests and Committee Politics Building Alliances and the Interim Net The Detection of Joe-1 and Beyond Bibliography Index

About the Author :
CHARLES A. ZIEGLER is Lecturer in Social Anthropology at Brandeis University. He holds advanced degrees in anthropology and physics and has published in both fields. DAVID JACOBSON is an Associate Professor of Anthropology at Brandeis University. He has written books and articles on ethnography and social networks.

Review :
"The organization of the narrative portions is excellent. Everything is to be found where one would expect it. The technical material is presented with confidence, but not smugly--as so often occurs when the writers know so much more of the technical details of a topic than the reader...For me, of course, the most interesting account is the inner workings (or failure to work) of the RDB...None like it yet exists in the historical literature."-Dr. Allan A. Needell Historian of American Science "Unreserved compliments to Ziegler and Jacobson on a wonderful documentary. I was very impressed by the extent and thoroughness of their investigative reporting and their ability to capture the essential features of this intriguing story. Reading the book I relived many of the episodes of high political-scientific drama that led to the detection of Joe-1...Aside from the pleasant memories their book evoked, I was naturally prompted to compare my recollections of things with their description of them. For most of the items I could only exclaim Right On!'"-Dr. Gerard Leies Former Technical Director Air Force Technical Applications Center "Ziegler and Jacobson have done a first-class job. Their work fills a gap in our post-World War II history that needed to be filled."- Dr. Roderick W. Spence Former Head, Radiochemical Group Los Alamos National Laboratory "Ziegler and Jacobson have provided the first detailed view in the open literature into a sector of that extensive system created following the Second World War to provide scientific expertise and guidance to U.S. military and civilian agencies. Theirs is an important contribution to our understanding of the operation of the national security state in its early stages of development. The presentation is clear and direct, with the added virtue of an historical/anthropological approach that sees the situation from the inside."- Dr. Paul Forman, Curator for Modern Physics National Museum of American History Smithsonian Institution .,."the definitive account of the systems evolved by the US to track down other potential nuclear weaponry..."-The Jerusalem Post ?...the definitive account of the systems evolved by the US to track down other potential nuclear weaponry...?-The Jerusalem Post ?Charles A. Ziegler and David Jacobson's outstanding study further illuminates this interaction by depicting US intelligence's complex efforts to establish a long-range surveillance system that could track Soviet nuclear weapons developments, initially by detecting atomic tests.... This fine study is one of the intelligence revelations of the year...?-The International History Review ?Charles Ziegler and David Jacobson use declassified records and participant interviews to produce this remarkable account.... Spying Without Spies provides the first description of the creation and institutionalization of America's nuclear detection system and the relationship it forged between the science and intelligence communities. Thus, the book makes a unique contribution to intelligence literature.?- Airpower Journal ?Drawing on a wide variety of sources, the authors of this accessible study describe the organization of the responsible agency--called by several names through the years, it is currently the Air Force Technical Aapplications Center (AFTAC)...--and the development of radiological, sonic and seismic technology that has monitored nuclear activity worldwide for over 40 years. This study fills a gap in the historical record...?-Publishers Weekly ?This is a fine, well-researched book that will delight historians of American bureaucracy and the military.?-Technology and Culture ?Ziegler and Jacobson offer an excellent model for historians of modern technical intelligence collection. Their book is solidly researched, sound in narrative, effectively organized, and judicious...in its conclusions.?-American Historical Review ..."the definitive account of the systems evolved by the US to track down other potential nuclear weaponry..."-The Jerusalem Post "Charles A. Ziegler and David Jacobson's outstanding study further illuminates this interaction by depicting US intelligence's complex efforts to establish a long-range surveillance system that could track Soviet nuclear weapons developments, initially by detecting atomic tests.... This fine study is one of the intelligence revelations of the year..."-The International History Review "Charles Ziegler and David Jacobson use declassified records and participant interviews to produce this remarkable account.... Spying Without Spies provides the first description of the creation and institutionalization of America's nuclear detection system and the relationship it forged between the science and intelligence communities. Thus, the book makes a unique contribution to intelligence literature."- Airpower Journal "This is a fine, well-researched book that will delight historians of American bureaucracy and the military."-Technology and Culture "Ziegler and Jacobson offer an excellent model for historians of modern technical intelligence collection. Their book is solidly researched, sound in narrative, effectively organized, and judicious...in its conclusions."-American Historical Review "Drawing on a wide variety of sources, the authors of this accessible study describe the organization of the responsible agency--called by several names through the years, it is currently the Air Force Technical Aapplications Center (AFTAC)...--and the development of radiological, sonic and seismic technology that has monitored nuclear activity worldwide for over 40 years. This study fills a gap in the historical record..."-Publishers Weekly