To the Point: The United States Military Academy, 1802-1902

Few institutions have influenced U.S. history as profoundly as the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, which will celebrate its 200th anniversary on March 16, 2002. Born conceptually in Revolutionary War times, the USMA developed alongside the fledgling U.S. government, responded to presidential mandates, and produced dozens of national leaders. Yet the Academy itself receives short shrift from historians, who prefer to study its graduates. In To the Point: The United States Military Academy, 1802-1903, George Pappas offers the first fully developed chronicle of the USMA itself, seen through the eyes of the cadets and graduates who attended the Academy during its first hundred years. Colonel Pappas has drawn from hundreds of primary sources not previously available to or consulted by historians: military records, cadet and graduate letters, newspaper clippings, private diaries, scrapbooks, and photo albums. Taking special care to correct preexisting misconceptions, cadet sinkoids, and inaccurately reported facts and occurrences, he has interwoven the personal and the official to create a magnificent historical work. The reader discovers a key feature of the book in its very first section. Here, informed by newly available documents, Pappas describes in unprecedented detail the 27 years preceding the USMA's official beginnings in 1802. The reader learns of the Academy's precursors, the daily life of the early cadets--down to band practice and powdered hair--and the roots of a curriculum. Explained are the pivotal roles of such movers as Henry Burbeck, Jonathan Williams, and Henry Dearborn in effecting the Congressional mandate for the USMA. Subsequent sections, consistently displaying Colonel Pappas' tireless research, pursue the USMA's controversial first years, the selection and training of faculty members, development of the Academy's scientific and engineering curriculum, cultivation of administrators such as Alden Partridge and Sylvanus Thayer, and the institution's sometimes stormy relationship with the federal government. Moving through the USMA's first century, the book considers internal difficulties, disciplinary measures, and cadet recreation, integrating the USMA story with the Civil War and other historical events. The reader meets many historical figures such as George Washington, Jefferson Davis, Edgar Allan Poe, Davy Crockett, and James Madison--not as focal points but as players in the Academy's history. Pappas also marks the USMA's long-term impact, identifying graduates who performed outstandingly in the War with Mexico, the Civil War, the Spanish-American War, as elected officials, as founders of colleges, as builders of railroads, canals, bridges, and roads across the United States. Throughout, readers will find the author's engaging, literate prose as captivating as the story he tells--a style that makes rich use of vignettes, folklore, humor, and the words of ordinary people to bring history to life. Historic maps and numerous photos, many previously unpublished, enhance detailed descriptions of physical settings.

Table of Contents:
Foreword by General Edward C. Meyer 1775-1802 The Foundation Is Laid 1802-1817 Struggle for Survival Existence in Name Only Right Man at the Right Time? Deliver Your Sword to the Bearer 1817-1828 The Rebuilding Begins Governed by the Rules and Articles of War Still in a State of Progressive Development Members of One Brotherhood Living Armory of the Nation 1829-1833 I Have the Honor to Tender My Resignation I Believe It the Best School in the World 1833-1852 A Firm Hand Is Needed Preparing for the Ultimate Test We Follow, Close Order, Behind You 1852-1865 The Ante-Bellum Army When Shall We Meet Again? Adhere to Your Purpose 1865-1902 All Institutions Are Imperfect and Subject to the Law of Change Guard Well Your Heritage 1902 The Corps and the Corps and the Corps Appendices Superintendents, United States Military Academy Commandants of Cadets Deans of the Academic Board The 1780 Map of West Point: An Unintentional Historical Hoax Comments on Sources Bibliography Index Photographs and Maps

About the Author :
GEORGE S. PAPPAS is a retired U.S. Army Colonel who was founder and first Director of the U.S. Army Military History Institute in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. He is the author of Prudens Futuri: History of U.S. Army War College and The Cadet Chapel, United States Military Academy. He has published articles in military journals, including Assembly, Military Review, and Parameters.

Review :
"It is an institution that had a marked influence on the development of a nation, the birth of an army, and the birth of a professional officer corps. . . . Extraordinary men developed the institution that has provided leadership for our nation for nearly two centuries. Thank God for that institution, and thank George Pappas for providing us with his extraordinary history in To the Point."-from the Foreword by General Edward C. Meyer U.S. Army, Retired ?Pappas has produced an extraordinary volume that covers all aspects of West Point's first century, while incorporating criticism of other authors who have written on the subject.?-Illinois Historical Journal ?The high quality of the book reflects Pappas's extensive research into primary sources. Especially useful are the maps and photographs he provides. Pappas offers the best description to date of the 27 years preceding the official opening of West Point in 1802. This highly readable study portrays USMA through the eyes of cadets and graduates. It is peppered with anecdotes and vignettes and will serve as the best single-volume introduction to the first 100 years of this famous military academy. Those interested in the military mind, or, more generally, in 19th-century American educational institutions and cultural history will find Pappas's book a delight.?-Choice ?This beautiful volume goes beyond military personalities to cover the first 100 years of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. Pappas focuses on the institution itself, describing how the academy was formed and who the early leaders were. He tells about the central role of Jonathan Williams and Sylvanus Thayer in ensuring that West Point would become both a military academy and a quality engineering school. Pappas stresses descriptions of events found in letters and diaries of cadets, officers, and family members. A retired U.S. Army Colonel who was the founder and first director of the U.S. Army Military History Institute in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, Pappas thoroughly debunks myths and legends about the academy. Copiously illustrated, his book will both fascinated and teach. Essential for all military historians, buffs, West Point graduates, and veterans.?-Library Journal ?This scholarly and meticulously researched book offers sharp insights into the development of the institution that shaped America's Army. It will be the standard on the subject for the next generation.?-Military Review "Pappas has produced an extraordinary volume that covers all aspects of West Point's first century, while incorporating criticism of other authors who have written on the subject."-Illinois Historical Journal "The high quality of the book reflects Pappas's extensive research into primary sources. Especially useful are the maps and photographs he provides. Pappas offers the best description to date of the 27 years preceding the official opening of West Point in 1802. This highly readable study portrays USMA through the eyes of cadets and graduates. It is peppered with anecdotes and vignettes and will serve as the best single-volume introduction to the first 100 years of this famous military academy. Those interested in the military mind, or, more generally, in 19th-century American educational institutions and cultural history will find Pappas's book a delight."-Choice "This scholarly and meticulously researched book offers sharp insights into the development of the institution that shaped America's Army. It will be the standard on the subject for the next generation."-Military Review "This beautiful volume goes beyond military personalities to cover the first 100 years of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. Pappas focuses on the institution itself, describing how the academy was formed and who the early leaders were. He tells about the central role of Jonathan Williams and Sylvanus Thayer in ensuring that West Point would become both a military academy and a quality engineering school. Pappas stresses descriptions of events found in letters and diaries of cadets, officers, and family members. A retired U.S. Army Colonel who was the founder and first director of the U.S. Army Military History Institute in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, Pappas thoroughly debunks myths and legends about the academy. Copiously illustrated, his book will both fascinated and teach. Essential for all military historians, buffs, West Point graduates, and veterans."-Library Journal