Disrespectful Democracy: The Psychology of Political Incivility

The majority of Americans think that politics has an "incivility problem" and that this problem is only getting worse. Research demonstrates that negativity and rudeness in politics have been increasing for decades. But how does this tide of impolite-to-outrageous language affect our reactions to media coverage and our political behavior? Disrespectful Democracy offers a new account of the relationship between incivility and political behavior based on a key individual predisposition-conflict orientation. Individuals experience conflict in different ways; some enjoy arguments while others are uncomfortable and avoid confrontation. Drawing on a range of original surveys and experiments, Emily Sydnor contends that the rise of incivility in political media has transformed political involvement. Citizens now need to be able to tolerate or even welcome incivility in the public sphere in order to participate in the democratic process. Yet individuals who are turned off by incivility are not brought back in by civil presentation of issues. Sydnor considers the challenges in evaluating incivility's normative benefits and harms to the political system: despite some detrimental aspects, certain levels of incivility in certain venues can promote political engagement, and confrontational behavior can be a vital tool in the citizen's democratic arsenal. A rigorous and empirically informed analysis of political rhetoric and behavior, Disrespectful Democracy also proposes strategies to engage citizens across the range of conflict orientations.

Table of Contents:
Acknowledgments 1. Integrating the Political and the Psychological 2. The Political Psychology of Conflict Communication 3. To Laugh or Cry? Emotional Responses to Incivility 4. Choosing Outrage: Selective Exposure and Information Search 5. Mimicry and Temper Tantrums: Political Discussion and Engagement 6. A More Disrespectful Democracy? Appendix A: Additional Study Information Appendix B: Statistical Models and Results Notes References Index

About the Author :
Emily Sydnor is assistant professor of political science at Southwestern University.

Review :
Disrespectful Democracy is the book our field has been waiting for. By integrating the concept of "conflict orientation" into the study of why different people respond in different ways to political media, Emily Sydnor has placed political psychology exactly where it belongs: at the heart of political communication research. Scholars, pundits, and citizens all worry about incivility in politics. Is it bad for democracy? How does it affect citizens? This book is a giant step forward in unraveling the impact of incivility. It explains how people react differently and the democratic implications of these reactions. There is much we can learn from this timely and thoughtful book. It provides a much needed deep dive into the psychological underpinnings of conflict orientation and responses to mediated incivility, revealing critical insights about their important—but previously overlooked—effects on political participation and engagement. With this important contribution, Emily Sydnor untangles the complex ways that political incivility shapes political engagement, proffering important evidence that one-size-fits-all assumptions about how we react to political toxicity are misguided and misleading. A key read for anyone interested in promoting healthy democracy. Interesting, accessible, timely, focused, and succinct. . . . Carefully argued and methodologically sound, this volume offers fascinating insights on a topic relevant to a moment rife with disagreement, thoughtfully considering the value of both civility and incivility for the survival of democracy in the twenty-first century. There is no doubt this volume is a game-changer for the study of political incivility; going forward, I expect that consideration of heterogeneous effects will become the norm. For scholars of political psychology and communication, as well as those looking to add new and innovative research to course syllabi, Disrespectful Democracy is highly recommended. An important and thorough examination of conflict orientation as a key determinant of behavior in a hostile media environment. A novel and thoughtful account of how individual psychology interacts with our media environment to influence key political outcomes in very different ways for different kinds of people. Well suited for undergraduate and graduate teaching and research in American political behavior and mass communication, and it is written engagingly for general interest readers too. A strong addition to the literature regarding individual traits and political incivility.