Handbook of Tropical Residual Soils Engineering

Residual soils are found in many parts of the world. Like other soils, they are used extensively in construction, either to build upon, or as construction material. They are formed when the rate of rock weathering is more rapid than transportation of the weathered particles by e.g., water, gravity and wind, which results in a large share of the soi

Table of Contents:
1 Introduction 1.1 Aim and scope 1.2 Soils 1.3 Residual soils 1.4 Geographical occurrence of residual soils 1.5 Climate, classification systems and regions 1.6 Distribution of tropical residual soils 1.7 Engineering peculiarities of tropical residual soils References 2 Formation and classification of tropical residual soils 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Residual soils 2.2.1 Origin and general features of residual soils 2.2.2 Formation of residual soils 2.3 Formation of tropical residual soils 2.4 Characteristics of tropical residual soils 2.4.1 Development of a weathered profile 2.4.2 Chemical alteration and composition of the weathered profile 2.5 Pedogenetic classification of tropical residual soils 2.6 Definition and classification of tropical residual soils in civil engineering practice 2.6.1 Definitions of residual soils 2.6.2 Pertinent aspects of classifications of tropical residual soils for engineering practice 2.7 Examples of residual soils over different rock types 2.7.1 Profiles over igneous rocks 2.7.2 Profiles over sedimentary rocks 2.7.3 Profiles over metamorphic rocks 2.8 Conclusions References 3 Sampling and testing of tropical residual soils 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Sampling 3.3 Laboratory testing 3.4 In-situ tests 3.5 Summary and conclusions References 4 The behaviour of unsaturated soil 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Suction 4.2.1 Components of suction 4.2.2 Axis translation 4.2.3 The suction scale 4.2.4 Limiting suctions 4.2.5 Suction measurement 4.3 Water retention behaviour 4.4 Shear behaviour 4.4.1 Stress state variables 4.4.2 The extended Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria 4.5 Volume change 4.5.1 Shrinkage 4.5.2 Swelling 4.5.3 Combining changes in volume and water content 4.5.4 Collapse 4.6 Permeability 4.6.1 Water permeability (hydraulic conductivity) 4.6.2 Air permeability (air conductivity) References 5 Volume change of tropical residual soils 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Swelling and shrinkage 5.3 Collapsible residual soils References 6 Shear strength model for tropical residual soil 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Development of soil shear strength models 6.3 Laboratory measurement of shear strength using triaxial apparatus 6.4 Conclusions References 7 Slopes 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Geological factors of slope behaviour 7.3 Geology and mode of slope failure 7.4 Landslide classification 7.5 Landslide triggering mechanisms 7.6 Stability analyses 7.7 Remedial measures for soil and rock slopes References 8 Foundations: Shallow and deep foundations, unsaturated conditions, heave and collapse, monitoring and proof testing 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Direct (shallow) foundations 8.2.1 Solutions to foundations on residual soils - factors that affect the concept 8.2.2 Particular conditions in residual soils 8.2.3 Main demands for the guarantee of structural limit state conditions 8.3 Foundations on unsaturated soils 8.3.1 Shallow foundations on collapsible soils 8.3.2 Deep foundations on collapsible soils 8.3.3 Mitigation measures 8.3.4 Recent research and developments for dealing with collapsible soils 8.3.5 Shallow foundations on expansive soils 8.3.6 Characterisation by swell strains 8.3.7 Types of foundation that are used in expansive soils 8.3.8 Mitigation and preventive measures 8.3.9 Case histories 8.4 Indirect (deep) foundations 8.4.1 General concepts 8.4.2 Pile design References Standards, government and official publications Bibliography 9 Residual soils of Hong Kong 9.1 General descriptions of decomposed rocks in Hong Kong 9.2 In-situ test sites and sampling locations 9.3 Sampling methods and preparation procedures 9.4 Stress-dependent soil-water characteristic curves (SDSWCC) 9.5 In-situ permeability function 9.6 Small strain shear stiffness 9.7 Shear strength of unsaturated saprolites 9.8 Summary References 10 Residual soils of India 10.1 Introduction 10.2 The Archaean group 10.3 Climate 10.4 Distribution of residual soils 10.5 Physico-chemical properties 10.6 Geotechnical engineering data References 11 Residual soils of Southeast Asia 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Residual soils of Malaysia 11.2.1 Engineering applications and problems 11.3 Residual soils of Thailand 11.3.1 Engineering applications and problems 11.4 Residual soils of Singapore 11.4.1 Engineering applications and problems References

About the Author :
Professor Bujang B.K. Huat graduated in 1983 from the Polytechnic of Central London, UK, and obtained his MSc and PhD at the Imperial College London, and the Victoria University Manchester, UK, in 1986 and 1991 respectively. He has spent his professional career as a Professor in Geotechnical Engineering, in the Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, one of Malaysia's five research universities. Currently he serves as the Dean of School of Graduate Studies of the same university. His special area of interest is in the field of geotechnical and geological engineering, and slope engineering, and has authored and co-authored 18 books, edited 10 conference proceedings, and published more than 100 journal and conference proceedings papers in the field of soil mechanics and foundation engineering. David G. Toll is Professor of Geotechnical Engineering in the School of Engineering and Computer Sciences at Durham University, UK. After graduating from Cardiff University with a BSc in Civil Engineering in 1979 he worked for Soil Mechanics Ltd and Engineering & Resources Consultants, before joining Imperial College, London as a Research Assistant, where he gained his PhD. He joined Durham University in 1988. He has been Visiting Professor at the National University of Singapore and Tongji University, China and held Research Fellowships at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, University of Western Australia and Newcastle University, Australia. His research areas are unsaturated & tropical soils and geoinformatics. He has co-authored 7 edited books and conference proceedings and published more than 150 journal and conference proceedings papers. He is Chair of Joint Technical Committee 2 on Data Representation for the three International Societies (ISSMGE, ISRM, IAEG), a member of TC 106 on Unsaturated Soils of ISSMGE and Chair of the Northern Geotechnical Group of the Institution of Civil Engineers, UK. Arun Prasad is Associate Professor of Geotechnical Engineering in the Institute of Technology at Banaras Hindu University, India. He graduated with a BSc in Civil Engineering in 1986 from Utkal University, India. He obtained MSc and PhD from Sambalpur and Devi Ahilya University, India in 1989 and 2000 respectively. He has worked as Post-Doctoral Researcher at Universiti Putra Malaysia during 2009-10. His special areas of research are in the soil stabilization of soft and contaminated soils. He has co-authored one book on Geotechnical Engineering and has published more than 50 papers in journals and conference proceedings.