Sinners? Scroungers? Saints?: Unmarried Motherhood in Twentieth-Century England

Sinners? Scroungers? Saints? is the first book to describe the real lives of unmarried mothers, and attitudes towards them, in England from the First World War to the present day. Pat Thane and Tanya Evans use biographies and memoirs, as well as archives and official sources, to challenge stereotypes of the mothers as desolate women, rejected by society and by their families, until social attitudes were transformed in the 'permissive' 1960s. They demonstrate the diversity of their lives, their social backgrounds, and how often they were supported by their families, neighbours, and the fathers of their children before the 1960s, and the continuing hostility by some sections of society since then. They challenge stereotypes, too, about the impact of war on sexual behaviour, and about the stability of family life before the 1960s.Much of the evidence comes from the records of the National Council for the Unmarried Mother and Her Child, set up by sympathetic men and women in 1918 to help a social group they believed were neglected, and which is still very active today, as Gingerbread, supporting lone parents in need of help. Their work tells us not only about the lives of those mothers and children who had no other support, but also another important story about the vibrancy of voluntary action throughout the past century and its continuing vital role, working alongside and in co-operation with the Welfare State to help mothers into work, among other things. Their history is an inspiring example of how, throughout the past century, voluntary organizations in the 'Big Society' worked with, not against, the 'Big State'.

Table of Contents:
Introduction 1: Secrets and Lies: Being and Becoming an Unmarried Mother in Early Twentieth-Century England 2: Between the Wars 3: The Second World War: Another Moral Panic 4: Unmarried Motherhood in 'Family Britain': Challenging Bowlby 5: Unmarried Mothers in the 'Welfare State' 6: The Permissive Society? Unmarried Motherhood in the 1960s 7: A Finer Future? 8: The Struggle Continues : 1980s-90s 9: Into the Twenty-First Century: Progress Bibliography Index

About the Author :
Pat Thane is Research Professor in Contemporary History, Kings College London Tanya Evans is Research Fellow, Macquarie University

Review :
`Review from previous edition ... a work that should make readers cheer, fume with rage and on a couple of occasions laugh out loud ... a valuable study.' Mary Evans, Times Higher Education `provides a series of painful snapshots of how difficult life was in this period for many umnarried mothers and their children .... Poverty, rather than motherhood per se, emerges as the real social evil here' Emily Wilson, Times Literary Supplement `This scholarly book will fascinate readers curious both about the lives of unmarried mothers and their children, and about family life and community networks more generally.' Joanna Bourke, BBC History Magazine `The new histories of the entire twentieth century represent a welcome historiographical trend, and this specific narrative links policy history to social history in a highly productive and readable fashion.' H-Soz-u-Kult `this ambitious book makes for an interesting read... For anyone interested in the history of the phenomenon of unmarried motherhood, the changes to the situation of the families concerned, the expansion of welfare provision and the role of the National Council in providing lobbying for their welfare, this is an invaluable book.' Journal of Social Policy `For anyone interested in the history of the phenomenon of unmarried motherhood, the changes to the situation of the families concerned, the expansion of welfare provision and the role of the National Council in providing and lobbying for their welfare, this is an invaluable book. However, more broadly, the book deserves a wider audience as the idea of unravelling the history of particular group alongside a longstanding voluntary organisation such as the National Council could usefully be applied to other groups.' Tina Haux, Journal of Social Policy `...a thorough and challenging analysis...' English Historical Review