Defect and Microstructure Analysis by Diffraction: (10 International Union of Crystallography Monographs on Crystallography)

Defect and Microstructure Analysis by Diffraction is focused on extracting information on the real structure of materials from their diffraction patterns. The primary features of a powder diffraction pattern are determined by the "idealized" periodic nature of the crystal structure. With the advent of computer automation the techniques for carrying out qualitative, quantitative and structure analysis based on the primary pattern features rapidly matured. In general, the deviations of a particular specimen, from the ideal or perfect crystal structure, cause diffraction peak profiles to broaden and sometimes to become asymmetric. Thus, information on the real structure or microstructure of a specimen can be obtained from a careful study of the diffraction line profiles. The evolving techniques for microstructure analysis from diffraction patterns such as micro-strain, crystallite size, macro-strain and preferred orientation analysis require an ever more detailed understanding of the effects of crystallographic mistakes on peak assymmetry and the effect of the distribution of small crystallites on the tails of diffraction peaks. This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the fundamental theory and techniques for microstructure analysis from diffraction patterns and summarizes the current state of the art. This complete survey lays the foundation for the next and last major development in this field: the extraction of the full information in a powder pattern by the simulation of the full experimental pattern. The goal of this branch of science is to extract all of the information locked in the powder diffraction pattern including: the types and densities of stacking faults, the strain field produced by each, the anisotropic crystallite size and orientation, along with the size and strain distributions of each phase in a specimen. This book provides a complete summary of the developments of the twentieth century and points the way.

Table of Contents:
Fiala and Snyder: Introduction to Defect and Microstructure Analysis or the Analysis of Real-Structure Bradaczek: Some Applications of the Kinematical Theory of X-ray Diffraction Enzo and Schiffini: Profile Fitting and Analytical Functions Honkimäki and Suortti: Effects of Instrument Function, Crystallite Size, and Strain on Reflection Profiles Langford: Use of Pattern Decomposition or Simulation to Study Microstructure: theoretical considerations Houska and Kuzel: Classical Treatment of Line Profiles Influenced by Strain, Small Size, and Stacking Faults Balzar: Voigt-Function Model in Diffraction Line-Broadening Analysis Barabash: X-Ray Analysis of Precipitation Related Crystals with Dislocation Substructure Ungár: The Dislocation Based Model of Strain Broadening in X-Ray Line-Profile Analysis Vermeulen et al: Diffraction-Line Broadening Analysis of Dislocation Configurations Berkum et al: Diffraction-Line Broadening Analysis of Strain Fields in Crystalline Solids Bradaczek: Paracrystallinity Wilke: The Model of the Paracrystal and its Application to Polymers Ustinov: Effect of Planar Defects in Crystal on the Position and Profile of Powder Diffraction Line Weiss and Capková: Effect of Stacking Disorder on the Profile of the Powder Diffraction Line Smith: Crystallite Statistics and Accuracy in Powder Diffraction Intensity Measurements Fewster and Andrew: Reciprocal Space Mapping and Ultra-High Resolution Diffraction of Polycrystalline Materials Ganev: X-Ray Analysis of The Inhomogeneous Stress State Bunge: Texture Analysis Valvoda: Texture Effects in Powder Diffraction and their Correction by Simple Empirical Functions Le Bail: Accounting For Size and Microstrain in Whole Powder Pattern Fitting Järvinen: Modelling of Texture in Whole Pattern Fitting Scardi: A New Whole Powder Pattern Fitting Approach Smith: The Role of Whole-Pattern Databases in Materials Science Cernansky: Restoration and Preprocessing of Physical Profiles from Measured Data Reefman: Towards Higher Resolution: A Mathematical Approach Louër: Use of Pattern Decomposition to Study Microstructure: Practical Aspects and Applications Kimmel and Dayan: X-Ray Diffraction Broadening Effects in Materials Characterization Somashekar: Crystal Size and Distortion Parameters in Fibres using WAXS Yamanaka: Pressure Induced Profile Change of Energy Dispersive Diffraction

Review :
'This book reviews the state of the art for determining the "real" structure of matter' Zeitschrift Fur kristallographie