Secularization, Rationalism and Sectarianism

When, in the late 1960s, Bryan Wilson produced his book, "Religion in Secular Society", he opened the way for a whole new interest in religious phenomena. How has religion developed in secular scociety? How secular is contemporary society? It would be difficult to dispute the fact that in most developed countries religion has lost much of its erstwhile social significance but, not only are there isolated pockets of sectarianism, there remains a rich religious heritage deeply embedded in the culture. This book takes stock of the intricate patterns traced by the interweaving of religion and politics, of spiritual visions and material forces and of both tradition and innovation within a variety of cultural settings. It aims to challenge many received ideas about the alleged decline of religion and it raises questions about the shifting boundaries between the sacred and the secular. 17 contributors from four continents discuss the current turmoil in religious beliefs, practices and organization, not only in the Western world but also in Africa, South America, New Zealand, South Asia and Japan. They examine the evidence of religious change, decline and revival, investigate the challenges posed by new religious movements, interpret the historical significance of sectarian symbolism and locate religious change and conflict in the context of broader shifts in consciousness and culture. This book should further the debate in sociology, the human sciences and religious studies about the place of religion in an increasingly global society. It could also stimulate discussion about the future of rationalism and sectarianism in societies dominated by the twin logics of state and market. Its focus on the interplay between secularization, rationalism and sectarianism offers a tribute to Bryan Wilson, who has made many distinguished contributions to the sociological understanding of all three phenomena.

Table of Contents:
Community, society, globality and the category of religion, Roland Robertson; church involvement and secularization - making sense of the European case, Karel Dobbelaere; when the sacred returns - an empirical test, Phillip E. Hammond and Mark A. Shibley; some reflections on the parallel decline of religious experience and religious practice, Sabino Acquaviva; Buddhism in the modern world - secularization of protestantization, Richard F. Gombrich; an Africanist revisits "Magic and the Millennium", J.D.Y. Peel; the evangelical expansion south of the American border, David Martin; states, government and the management of controversial new religious movements, James A. Beckford; ennobled savages - New Zealand's manipulationist milieu, Michael Hill; charisma and explanation, Roy Wallis; charismatization - the social production of "an ethos propitious to the mobilization of sentiments", Eileen Barker; the apocalyptic theme in religious orders, Jean Seguy; from religion to psychotherapy - Yoshimoto Ishin's "Naikan" or "Method of Inner Observation", Susumu Shimazono; worlds at war - illustrations of an aesthetics in authority or numbered notes toward a trilogy, of which the general title is "Sacred Order/Social Order", Philip Rieff; Christ and the media - secularization, rationalism and sectarianism in the history of British broadcasting - 1922-1976, Asa Briggs; crowds, time and the essence of society, Richard Fenn.