Return to Armageddon: The United States and the Nuclear Arms Race, 1981-1999

When the Cold War ended, the world let out a collective sigh of relief as the fear of nuclear confrontation between superpowers appeared to vanish overnight. As we approach the new millennium, however, the proliferation of nuclear weapons to ever more belligerent countries and factions raises alarming new concerns about the threat of nuclear war.In Return to Armageddon, Ronald Powaski assesses the dangers that beset us as we enter an increasingly unstable political world. With the START I and II treaties, completed by George Bush in 1991 and 1993 respectively, and the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), signed by Bill Clinton in 1996, it seemed as if the nuclear clock had been successfully turned back to a safer hour. But Powaski shows that there is much less reason for optimism than we may like to think. Continued U.S.-Russian cooperation can no longer be assured. To make matters worse, Russia has not ratified the START II Treaty and the U.S. Senate has failed to approve the CTBT. Perhaps even more ominously, the effort to prevent the acquisition of nuclear weapons by nonweapon states is threatened by nuclear tests conducted by India and Pakistan. The nuclear club is growing and its most recent members are increasingly hostile. Indeed, it is becoming ever more difficult to keep track of the expertise and material needed to build nuclear weapons, which almost certainly will find their way into terrorist hands. Accessible, authoritative, and provocative, Return to Armageddon provides both a comprehensive account of the arms control process and a startling reappraisal of the nuclear threat that refuses to go away.

About the Author :
Ronald Powaski is the author of The Cold War: The U.S. and the Soviet Union, 1917-1991 and March to Armageddon: The United States and the Nuclear Arms Race, 1939-1987, both by OUP. He is an adjunct professor of history at Cleveland State University. He lives in Euclid, Ohio.

Review :
"An exhaustive yet engrossing account of two decades of effort to control the nuclear menace. The author details a painful process, buoyed by an occasional breakthrough--the elimination of intermediate range nuclear missiles under President Reagan and the substantial cut in tactical nuclear weapons under President Bush--but effectively blocked in the Clinton years by hostile Senate leadership and infatuation with the myth of missile defense."--Paul C. Warnke, former Director of U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency "This compact volume identifies the key themes and turning points in U.S. nuclear weapon and nuclear arms control policy over the past two decades, giving timely insight into the decisions that have kept the nuclear 'fate of the earth' hanging in the balance. A good source for students and journalists, and a fast-reading, illuminating history for any concerned citizen."--Randall Forsberg, Director, Institute for Defense and Disarmament Studies "An accomplished historian of the nuclear arms race in its early years, Ronald Powaski has produced a thorough, up-to-date, and well-written study of the nuclear arms race during the last two decades of the twentieth century. He cogently analyzes U.S. policy in the 1980s and 1990s and assesses the risks of nuclear catastrophe in the coming years."--Peter L. Hahn, Ohio State University