Protecting the Ozone Layer: Science and Strategy

This book is the first comprehensive history of international efforts to protect the ozone layer, the greatest success yet achieved in managing human impacts on the global environment. Its arguments about how this success was achieved are both theoretically novel and of great significance for the management of other global problems, particularly global climate change. The book provides an account of the ozone-depletion issues from the first attempts to develop international action in the 1970s to the mature functioning of the present international regime. It examines the parallel developments of politics and negotiations, scientific understanding and controversy, technological progress, and industry strategy that shaped the issue's development and its effective management. In addition, the book offers important new insights into how the interactions among these domains influenced the formation and adaptation of the ozone regime. Addressing the initial formation of the regime, the book argues that authoritative scientific assessments were crucial in constraining policy debates and shaping negotiated agreements. Assessments gave scientific claims an ability to change policy actors' behavior that the claims themselves, however well known and verified, lacked. Concerning subsequent adaptation of the regime, the book identifies a series of feedbacks between the periodic revision of chemical controls and the strategic responses of affected industries, which drove rapid application of new approaches to reduce ozone-depleting chemicals. These feedbacks, promoted by the regime's novel technology assessment process, allowed worldwide use of the chemicals to decline further and faster than even the boldest predictions, by nearly 95 percent within ten years.

Table of Contents:
Abbreviations 1: Stratospheric Ozone and Its Protection: Introduction and Background 2: Early Stratospheric Science, Chlorofluorocarbons, and the Emergence of Environmental Concern 3: Setting the Stage: National Action and Early International Efforts, 1970-1980 4: The Search for Knowledge-Based Resolution: Science and Scientific Assessment, 1976-1985 5: Negotiations and Strategy, 1980-1987 6: Eliminating Chlorofluorocarbons: Science, Assessment, and Responses, 1986-1988 7: Industry Strategy and Technical Innovation, 1987-1992 8: Building an Adaptive Regime: The Protocol Evolving, 1989-1999 9: The Theoretical and Practical Significance of the Ozone Regime Appendix A: List of Interviews Appendix B: Archival Sources Notes References Index

Review :
"Parson integrates science, technology and politics in an account that breaks new ground, especially about the role of scientific assessments and the operation of institutions for adaptive management. Anyone teaching or writing about international environmental regimes needs to read this book."---Robert O. Keohane, James B. Duke Professor of Political Science, Duke University "Parson has written an important and original book. His detailed exposition of science and politics makes this authoritative treatment of the ozone issue one that will engage scientists and social scientists alike. It is subtly argued, well documented, and clear. More importantly, it will serve as a guide to global cooperation on other environmental issues."---Mario J. Molina, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry "Parson documents the ozone layer story in great detail...His treatment in comprehensive, explaining clearly and in great detail the complexities of science, technology, and politics of the issue. The book will be of great interest to environmental scientists, policy makers, and students."--Wildlife Activist "Parson integrates science, technology and politics in an account that breaks new ground, especially about the role of scientific assessments and the operation of institutions for adaptive management. Anyone teaching or writing about international environmental regimes needs to read this book."---Robert O. Keohane, James B. Duke Professor of Political Science, Duke University "Parson has written an important and original book...[that] will engage scientists and social scientists alike. It is subtly argued, well documented, and clear. More importantly, it will serve as a guide to global cooperation on other environmental issues."---Mario J. Molina, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry "This is an exceptionally fine book, and a true pleasure to read. It provides an unprecedentedly thorough empirical history of the most important (and singularly successful) international environmental agreement and management regime that has yet been created, and it is both provocative and insightful in using that history to correct widespread presumptions and conventional wisdoms about its key events and causes. This book will almost certainly be recognized as the definitive treatment of the ozone layer management regime, and as a major contribution to the literatures of science policy, environmental policy, and international relations. It is articulately written, making even quite detailed and complex issues of both science and policy accessible to a broad readership."---Richard N.L. (Pete) Andrews, Professor of Environmental Policy, University of North Carolina "Parson documents the ozone layer story in great detail...His treatment in comprehensive, explaining clearly and in great detail the complexities of science, technology, and politics of the issue. The book will be of great interest to environmental scientists, policy makers, and students."--Wildlife Activist