Ethics of Artificial Intelligence

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies rapidly progress, questions about the ethics of AI, in both the near-future and the long-term, become more pressing than ever. This volume features seventeen original essays by prominent AI scientists and philosophers and represents the state-of-the-art thinking in this fast-growing field. Organized into four sections, this volume explores the issues surrounding how to build ethics into machines; ethical issues in specific technologies, including self-driving cars, autonomous weapon systems, surveillance algorithms, and sex robots; the long term risks of superintelligence; and whether AI systems can be conscious or have rights.Though the use and practical applications of AI are growing exponentially, discussion of its ethical implications is still in its infancy. This volume provides an invaluable resource for thinking through the ethical issues surrounding AI today and for shaping the study and development of AI in the coming years.

Table of Contents:
Acknowledgments List of Contributors A Short Introduction to the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence, S. Matthew Liao Part I: Building Ethics Into Machines 1. Machine Morality: Building or Learning, Peter Railton 2. The Use and Abuse of the Trolley Problem: Self Driving Cars, Innocent Threats, and the Distribution of Harm, F.M. Kamm 3. The Moral Psychology of AI and the Ethical Opt-Out Problem, Jean-François Bonnefon, Azim Shariff, and Iyad Rahwan 4. Modeling and Reasoning with Preferences and Ethical Priorities in AI Systems, Andrea Loreggia, Nicholas Mattei, Francesca Rossi, and K. Brent Venable 5. Computational Law, Symbolic Discourse, and the AI Constitution, Stephen Wolfram Part II: The Near Future of Artificial Intelligence 6. Planning for Mass Unemployment: Precautionary Basic Income, Aaron James 7. Autonomous Weapons and the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence, Peter Asaro 8. Near Term Artificial Intelligence and the Ethical Matrix, Cathy O'Neil and Hanna Gunn 9. The Ethics of Artificial Sexuality, Kate Devlin Part III: Long-Term Impact of Superintelligence 10. Public Policy and Superintelligent AI: A Vector Field Approach, Nick Bostrom, Allan Dafoe, and Carrick Flynn 11. Artificial Intelligence: A Binary Approach, Stuart Russell 12. Alignment for Advanced Machine Learning Systems, Jessica Taylor, Eliezer Yudkowsky, Patrick LaVictoire, and Andrew Critch 13. Moral Machines: From Value Alignment to Embodied Virtue, Wendell Wallach and Shannon Vallor 14. Machine Learning Values, Steve Petersen Part IV: Artificial Intelligence, Consciousness, and Moral Status 15. How to Catch an AI Zombie: Testing for Consciousness in Machines, Susan Schneider 16. Designing AI with Rights, Consciousness, Self-Respect, and Freedom, Eric Schwitzgebel, with Mara Garza 17. The Moral Status and Rights of Artificial Intelligence, S. Matthew Liao Index

About the Author :
S. Matthew Liao is Arthur Zitrin Chair of Bioethics, Director of the Center for Bioethics, Professor of Global Public Health, and Affiliated Professor in the Department of Philosophy at New York University. He is the author of The Right to Be Loved (Oxford University Press 2015) and editor of Moral Brains: The Neuroscience of Morality (Oxford University Press 2016); and the co-editor of The Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights (Oxford University Press 2015) and Current Controversies in Bioethics (Routledge). He is the Editor-in-Chief for the Journal of Moral Philosophy, a peer-reviewed international journal of moral, political and legal philosophy.

Review :
"This is a superior work, particularly considering that it is an edited volume. All the articles are first-rate, and the four-part arrangement advances the argument organically...Highly recommended. Lower- and upper-division undergraduates. Graduate students, faculty, and professionals. Students in two-year technical programs. General readers." -- J. A. Stever, CHOICE "This landmark collection offers a first-rate introduction to the ethical challenges of artificial intelligence. Wide-ranging, accessible, and authoritative, it will be an essential guide to some of the most important issues of our time." --Huw Price, University of Cambridge "In a world that too often asks 'Can we?' without asking 'Should we?', this exciting collection confronts us with some of the best new thinking on the ethics of AI. From the moral status of machine learning systems to algorithmic bias, it is bound to shape future discussions of this most important topic." -- Michael Patrick Lynch, University of Connecticut "This volume is ideal for anyone who wants a comprehensive introduction to the ethical issues surrounding the design and use of AI technologies. Dr. S. Matthew Liao provides an outstanding collaborative exchange between AI researchers and philosophers. I have no doubt that it will become required reading in courses on AI and ethics." --Tina Eliassi-Rad, Northeastern University