The Cold War: A History Through Documents

A supplement for courses in Cold War History, The World Since 1945, U.S. Foreign Policy, U.S. History Since 1945, and 20th-century American or World History.   This comprehensive collection of more than 100 carefully edited documents (speeches, treaties, statements, and articles) traces the rise and fall of the Cold War — from its roots at Yalta and Potsdam in 1945 through the collapse of the Soviet state in 1991 — making the great events of the era come alive through the words and phrases of those who were actively involved. Set in historical context by brief introductions, the documents are arranged in chronological order, grouped into six major periods of the Cold War.   This book may be used in connection with the authors' core text, A Hard and Bitter Peace: A Global History of the Cold War, or with any other history text.

Table of Contents:
Introduction. I. THE ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR, 1945-1950. 1. The Yalta Conference, February 1945. Declaration on Poland. Agreement Regarding Soviet Entry into the War Against Japan. 2. The Potsdam Conference, July-August 1945. Excerpts from the Berlin (Potsdam) Conference Report, August 2, 1945. 3. The Atomic Bombing of Hiroshima, August 1945. Statement by President Truman, August 6, 1945. 4. Stalin's Election Speech, February 1946. Highlights of Stalin's Election Speech, February 9, 1946. 5. Churchill's Iron Curtain Speech, March 1946. Highlights of Churchill's “Iron Curtain” Speech, March 5, 1946. Excerpts from Pravda's Interview with Stalin, March 1946. 6. The Baruch and Gromyko Plans for Control of Atomic Weapons, 1946. Speech by Bernard Baruch to the UN Atomic Energy Commission, June 14, 1946. Draft International Agreement to Forbid the Production and Use of Atomic Weapons, Proposed by Andrei Gromyko on June 19, 1946. 7. The Truman Doctrine, 1947. President Truman's Speech to the Nation, March 12, 1947. 8. The Marshall Plan, 1947. Marshall's Commencement Address at Harvard University, June 5, 1947. 9. George F. Kennan, “The Sources of Soviet Conduct,” 1947. The Sources of Soviet Conduct. 10. The Founding of the Cominform, 1947. Manifesto Proclaiming the Cominform, October 5, 1947. Resolution of Conference of Communist Parties on Establishing the Cominform, October 5, 1947. 11. The Communist Coup in Czechoslovakia, February 1948. Letter from President Benes to the Czechoslovak Communist Party Presidium, February 24, 1948. Reply by the Czechoslovak Communist Party Presidium to the Letter from President Benes, February 25, 1948. 12. The Treaty of Brussels, 1948. Excerpts from the Treaty of Brussels, March 17, 1948. 13. The Cominform Expulsion of Tito, 1948. Cominform Resolution on the Situation in Yugoslavia, June 28, 1948. 14. The Berlin Blockade, 1948-1949. Note from Secretary of State Marshall to the Soviet Ambassador, July 6, 1948. 15. The NATO Alliance, 1949. The Treaty of Washington (North Atlantic Treaty), April 4, 1949. 16. Acheson on the Communist Triumph in China, 1949. Secretary of State Acheson's Letter of Transmittal for U.S. State Department “White Paper” on China, July 30, 1949. 17. Mao Proclaims the People's Republic of China, October 1, 1949. Text of Mao's Statement Proclaiming the People's Republic of China, October 1, 1949. 18. The Soviet-Chinese Friendship Treaty, February 1950. Communique Announcing The Soviet-Chinese Treaty, February 14, 1950. Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Aid Between the USSR and the Chinese People's Republic. II. THE GLOBAL CONFRONTATION, 1950-1960. 19. McCarthy on “Communists” in the U.S. Government, 1950. Excerpts from Speech Read by Senator McCarthy to the U.S. Senate, February 20, 1950. 20. Acheson on the American Defense Perimeter in Asia, 1950. Excerpts from Acheson's Speech to the National Press Club, January 12, 1950. 21. NSC-68: American Cold War Strategy, 1950. Excerpts from NSC-68 (Report to the President, April 7, 1950). 22. The Korean War, 1950-1953. Statement by President Truman, June 27, 1950. Resolution of the United Nations Security Council, June 27, 1950. Excerpts from the Panmunjom Armistice Agreement, July 27, 1953. 23. Dulles on “Massive Retaliation,” 1954. Highlights of Dulles's Speech to the Council on Foreign Relations, January 12, 1954. 24. The Geneva Conference, 1954. Final Declaration of the Geneva Conference, July 21, 1954. 25. The SEATO Alliance, 1954. Highlights of the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty, September 8, 1954. 26. The Warsaw Pact, 1955. The Warsaw Security Pact, May 14, 1955. 27. Khrushchev on Peaceful Coexistence, 1956. Excerpts from Khrushchev's Report to The 20th Party Congress, February 14, 1956. 28. Khrushchev's Secret Speech on Stalin and His Crimes, 1956. Highlights of Khrushchev's Secret Speech to the 20th Party Congress, February 25, 1956. 29. The Hungarian Rebellion, 1956. Excerpts from Soviet Government Statement, October 30, 1956. Excerpts from Address by President Eisenhower, October 31, 1956. Hungarian Appeals for Help, November 4, 1956. Excerpts from the Proclamation of a New Hungarian Government, November 4, 1956. 30. The Suez Crisis, 1956. Withdrawal of U.S. Support for Aswan Dam Project, July 19, 1956. Excerpts from President Eisenhower's Address, October 31, 1956 Letter from Premier Bulganin to Eisenhower, November 5, 1956. White House Statement in Reply to Bulganin's Letter, November 5, 1956. 31. The Eisenhower Doctrine, 1957. Excerpts from Eisenhower's Message to Congress on the Middle East, January 5, 1957. Joint Congressional Resolution to Promote Peace and Stability in the Middle East, Approved by the President on March 9, 1957. 32. Europe's Common Market: The Treaty of Rome, 1957. Excerpts from the Treaty of Rome, March 25, 1957. 33. The Rapacki Plan, 1958. Polish Memorandum on the Rapacki Plan, February 14, 1958. Note Rejecting the Rapacki Plan, from the U.S. Ambassador to Poland to the Polish Deputy Foreign Minister, May 3, 1958. 34. The U-2 Affair, 1960 Statement by U.S. Department of State, May 5, 1960. Statement by U.S. Department of State, May 7, 1960. Soviet Note on the U-2 Incident, May 10, 1960. Excerpts from Khrushchev's Statement at Paris, May 16, 1960. Excerpts from Eisenhower's Broadcast Address, May 25, 1960. 35. Castro on the Cuban Revolution, 1960. Excerpts from Castro's Address to the U.N. General Assembly, September 26, 1960. III. CRISIS AND CONFLICT, 1961-1969. 36. Kennedy's Inaugural Address, 1961. Excerpts from Kennedy's Inaugural Address, January 20, 1961. 37. The Berlin Crisis, 1961. Kennedy's Report to the Nation on Berlin, July 25, 1961. U.S. Note Protesting Closure of East Berlin Border, August 17, 1961. Soviet Response to the U.S. Protest, August 18, 1961. 38. The Cuban Missile Crisis, October 1962. Highlights of Kennedy's Address to the Nation, October 22, 1963. Excerpts from Khrushchev's Message to Kennedy, October 26, 1962. Excerpts from Khrushchev's Message to Kennedy, October 27, 1962. Excerpt from Kennedy's Response to Khrushchev, October 27, 1962. 39. Kennedy's “Peace Speech” at American University, June 1963. Kennedy's Commencement Address at American University, 10 June 1963. 40. Kennedy's Berlin Speech, June 1963: “Ich bin ein Berliner.” Excerpts from Kennedy's Speech in Berlin, June 26, 1963. 41. The Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, August 1963. Excerpts from the Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, August 5, 1963. 42. The Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1963. Excerpts from Chinese Communist Publication “Long Live Leninism,” April 1960. Excerpts from Khrushchev's Closing Remarks at the 22nd Party Congress, October 27, 1961. Excerpts from Open Letter of the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party to All Soviet Communists, July 14, 1963. 43. The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, 1964. The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, August 10, 1964. 44. Lin Biao, “Long Live the Victory of People's War,” 1965. Excerpts from “Long Live the Victory of People's War,” September 3, 1965. 45. Lyndon Johnson and the Vietnam War, 1965-1968. Johnson's Speech at Johns Hopkins University, April 7, 1965. Johnson's Address to the Nation, March 31, 1968. 46. The Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty, July 1968. Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, July 1, 1968. 47. The Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia, August 1968. Statement of Czechoslovak Communist Party Presidium, August 21, 1968. Statement of Soviet News Agency (TASS), August 21, 1968. Zhou Enlai's Speech at Rumania's National Day Reception, August 23, 1968. 48. The Brezhnev Doctrine, 1968. Excerpt from “Sovereignty and the International Obligations of Socialist Countries,”Pravda, September 26, 1968. Excerpt from Brezhnev's Remarks to The Polish Party Congress, November 12, 1968. 49. The Soviet-Chinese Border Conflict, 1969. Note from the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs to the Soviet Embassy in China, March 2, 1969. Statement by Soviet Government, March 29, 1969. IV. THE ERA OF DÉTENTE, 1969-1979. 50. The Nixon Doctrine, 1969. Excerpts from Nixon's Remarks at Guam, July 25, 1969. Excerpts from Nixon's Address to the Nation, November 3, 1969. 51. The Berlin Accords, September 1971. Quadripartite Agreement on Berlin, September 3, 1971. 52. Nixon's China Visit: The Shanghai Communique, February 1972. Excerpts from Communique Issued at Shanghai, February 27, 1972. 53. The ABM Treaty and SALT I, 1972. Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-ballistic Missile Systems, May 26, 1972. Interim Agreement on Certain Measures with Respect to the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (SALT I), May 26, 1972. Resolution (including The Jackson Amendment) Approving Interim SALT I Agreement, September 30, 1972. 54. The U.S. Withdrawal from Vietnam, January 1973. Nixon's Address to the Nation, January 23, 1973. The Paris Peace Accords, January 27, 1973. 55. The Vladivostok Summit, 1974. Agreement Concluded at Vladivostok, November 24, 1974. Excerpt from President Ford's Statement, December 2, 1974. 56. The Jackson-Vanik Amendment. Public Law 93-618: Trade Act of 1974. Title IV—Trade Relations with Countries Not Currently Receiving Nondiscriminatory Treatment. 57. The Helsinki Final Act, 1975. Excerpts from Declaration Signed at Helsinki, August 1, 1975. 58. Carter on Human Rights, 1977. Carter's Address to the United Nations, March 17, 1977. 59. Peace Between Egypt and Israel, 1977-79. Excerpt from Sadat's Speech in Israel, November 20, 1977. Framework for Peace Agreed to at Camp David, September 17, 1978. Treaty between Egypt and Israel, March 26, 1979. 60. The Normalization of U.S.-Chinese Relations, 1978-1979. Carter's Statement on Opening Ties with China, December 15, 1978. Statement by the People's Republic of China. Public Law 96-8: Taiwan Relations Act, April 10, 1979. 61. The SALT II Agreement, 1979. Treaty on the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (SALT II), June 18, 1979. V. THE RENEWAL OF THE COLD WAR, 1979-1985. 62. The Euromissile Controversy, 1979. Brezhnev's Condemnation of NATO's Plans, October 6, 1979. NATO Communique on “Dual Track” Approach, December 12, 1979. 63. The Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan, December 1979. Carter's Statement on Iran and Afghanistan, December 28, 1979. Carter's Interview Concerning the Soviet Response to His Protest Note on the Invasion of Afghanistan, December 31, 1979. Brezhnev's Explanation of the Soviet Role in Afghanistan, January 12, 1980. 64. The Carter Doctrine, January 1980. Excerpt from Carter's State of the Union Address, January 23, 1980. 65. Reagan's Anti-Soviet Rhetoric, 1981-1983. Excerpt from President Reagan's First Press Conference, January 29, 1981. Excerpt from Reagan's “Evil Empire” Speech, March 8, 1983. 66. Reagan's Arms Control Proposals, November 1981. Excerpt from Reagan's Address on Arms Reduction, November 18, 1981. 67. The Polish Imposition of Martial Law, December 1981. General Jaruzelski's Radio Address, December 13, 1981. Excerpts from the Decree Imposing Martial Law. 68. Andropov's Peace Offensive, 1982. Excerpts from Andropov's Speech on Reductions in Nuclear Missiles, December 21, 1982. 69. Reagan's “Star Wars” Speech, 1983. Excerpts from Reagan's Televised Speech, March 23, 1983. 70. The Nuclear Freeze Resolution, 1983. Highlights of the Nuclear Weapons Freeze Resolution Passed by the House of Representatives, May 4, 1983. 71. The KAL 007 Incident, 1983. Statement by Secretary of State George Schultz on Soviet Downing of Korean Jetliner, September 1, 1983. 72. The Soviet Olympic Boycott, 1984. Statement of the Soviet National Olympic Committee, May 8, 1984. VI. THE END OF THE COLD WAR, 1985-1991. 73. The Geneva Summit, 1985. Excerpts from Joint Soviet-American Statement on the Geneva Summit, November 21, 1985. Remarks by General Secretary Gorbachev. Remarks by President Reagan. 74. The Reykjavik Summit, 1986. Excerpts from Gorbachev's Statement in Reykjavik, October 12, 1986. 75. Reagan's 1987 Berlin Speech: “Tear Down This Wall.” Highlights of Reagan's Berlin Wall Speech, June 12, 1987. 76. Gorbachev's New Thinking on International Relations. Excerpts from “New Political Thinking,” from Perestroika by Mikhail Gorbachev. 77. The INF Treaty, December 1987. Treaty on Intermediate and Shorter Range Nuclear Forces, December 8, 1987. 78. The Soviet Withdrawal from Afghanistan, 1988-1989. Gorbachev's Statement on Soviet Withdrawal from Afghanistan, February 8, 1988. 79. Gorbachev's UN Address, December 1988. Excerpts from Gorbachev's Speech to the United Nations, December 7, 1988. 80. The Opening of the Berlin Wall, November 1989. Statement Allowing East Germans to Travel Abroad or Emigrate, November 9, 1989. 81. NATO's London Declaration on the End of the Cold War, July 1990. The London Declaration, July 6, 1990. 82. The Kohl-Gorbachev Agreement on German Unification, July 1990. Statement by Helmut Kohl, July 16, 1990. Statement by Mikhail Gorbachev, July 16, 1990. 83. The CFE Treaty, November 1990. Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, November 19, 1990. 84. The START Treaty, July 1991. Treaty on the Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms, July 31, 1991. 85. The Attempted Coup in the USSR, August 1991. Announcement on Gorbachev's Removal and Formation of Emergency Committee, August 19, 1991. Yeltsin's Call to Resist the Coup Attempt, August 19, 1991. President Bush's Statement on the Soviet Coup, August 19, 1991. Excerpts from Soviet Television Report, August 21, 1991. Gorbachev's Remarks on Returning to Moscow, August 22, 1991. 86. Gorbachev's Resignation Speech, December 1991. Highlights of Gorbachev's Resignation Speech, December 25, 1991.