Engineering Graphics with AutoCAD 2020

In Engineering Graphics with AutoCAD 2020, award-winning CAD instructor and author James Bethune teaches technical drawing using AutoCAD 2020 as its drawing instrument. Taking a step-by-step approach, this textbook encourages students to work at their own pace and uses sample problems and illustrations to guide them through the powerful features of this drawing program. More than 680 exercise problems provide instructors with a variety of assignment material and students with an opportunity to develop their creativity and problem-solving capabilities. Effective pedagogy throughout the text helps students learn and retain concepts: Step-by-step format throughout the text allows students to work directly from the text to the screen and provides an excellent reference during and after the course. Latest coverage is provided for dynamic blocks, user interface improvements, and productivity enhancements. Exercises, sample problems, and projects appear in each chapter, providing examples of software capabilities and giving students an opportunity to apply their own knowledge to realistic design situations. ANSI standards are discussed when appropriate, introducing students to the appropriate techniques and national standards. Illustrations and sample problems are provided in every chapter, supporting the step-by-step approach by illustrating how to use AutoCAD 2020 and its features to solve various design problems. Engineering Graphics with AutoCAD 2020 will be a valuable resource for every student wanting to learn to create engineering drawings.

Table of Contents:
Preface     v Chapter 1  Getting Started     1 1-1  Introduction     2 To Start a New Drawing     2 1-2  Tabs and Panels     5 1-3  The Command Line Box     7 1-4  Command Tools     8 1-5  Starting a New Drawing     9 1-6  Naming a Drawing     9 1-7  Drawing Units     12 1-8  Drawing Limits     15 1-9  Grid and Snap     18 1-10  Sample Problem SP1-1     20 1-11  Save and Save As     23 1-12  Open     25 1-13  Close     27 1-14  Exercise Problems     28 Chapter 2  Fundamentals of 2D Construction     31 2-1  Introduction     31 2-2  Line–Random Points     31 2-3  Erase     34 2-4  Line–Snap Points     35 2-5  Line–Dynamic Inputs     36 2-6  Construction Line     38 2-7  Circle     42 2-8  Circle Centerlines     45 2-9  Polyline     47 2-10  Spline     51 2-11  Ellipse     52 2-12  Rectangle     56 2-13  Polygon     57 2-14  Point     58 2-15  Text     59 2-16  Move     65 2-17  Copy     67 2-18  Offset     68 2-19  Mirror     69 2-20  Array     69 2-21  Rotate     72 2-22  Trim     73 2-23  Extend     74 2-24  Break     75 2-25  Chamfer     76 2-26  Fillet     77 2-27  Table     78 2-28  Exercise Problems     82 Chapter 3  Advanced Commands     93 3-1  Introduction     93 3-2  Osnap     93 3-3  Osnap–Endpoint     95 3-4  Osnap–Snap From     95 3-5  Osnap–Midpoint     97 3-6  Osnap–Intersection     97 3-7  Osnap–Apparent Intersection     98 3-8  Osnap–Center     99 3-9  Osnap–Quadrant     100 3-10  Osnap–Perpendicular     100 3-11  Osnap–Tangent     101 3-12  Osnap–Nearest     102 3-13  Sample Problem SP3-1     102 3-14  Sample Problem SP3-2     103 3-15  Grips     105 3-16  Grips–Extend     106 3-17  Grips–Move     107 3-18  Grips–Rotate     108 3-19  Grips–Scale     108 3-20  Grips–Mirror     109 3-21  Blocks     110 3-22  Working with Blocks     113 3-23  Wblock     117 3-24  Layers     120 3-25  Attributes     129 3-26  Title Blocks with Attributes     134 3-27  Edit Polyline     135 3-28  Edit Spline     136 3-29  Edit Text     138 3-30  Constructing the Bisector of an Angle–Method I     139 3-31  Constructing the Bisector of an Angle–Method II     140 3-32  Constructing an Ogee Curve (S-Curve) with Equal Arcs     141 3-33  Constructing a Parabola     142 3-34  Constructing a Hyperbola     143 3-35  Constructing a Spiral     144 3-36  Constructing a Helix     144 3-37  Designing by Using Shape Parameters     145 3-38  Exercise Problems     148 Chapter 4  Sketching     167 4-1  Introduction     167 4-2  Establishing Your Own Style     167 4-3  Graph Paper     168 4-4  Pencils     168 4-5  Lines     168 4-6  Proportions     170 4-7  Curves     171 4-8  Sample Problem SP4-1     172 4-9  Isometric Sketches     173 4-10  Sample Problem SP4-2     175 4-11  Oblique Sketches     176 4-12  Perspective Sketches     178 4-13  Working in Different Orientations     180 4-14  Exercise Problems     181 Chapter 5  Orthographic Views     195 5-1  Introduction     195 5-2  Three Views of an Object     196 5-3  Visualization     197 5-4  Hidden Lines     199 5-5  Hidden Line Conventions     199 5-6  Drawing Hidden Lines     200 5-7  Precedence of Lines     205 5-8  Slanted Surfaces     205 5-9  Projection Between Views     206 5-10  Sample Problem SP5-1     207 5-11  Compound Lines     209 5-12  Sample Problem SP5-2     209 5-13  Oblique Surfaces     211 5-14  Sample Problem SP5-3     213 5-15  Rounded Surfaces     214 5-16  Sample Problem SP5-4     216 5-17  Holes     217 5-18  Holes in Slanted Surfaces     218 5-19  Cylinders     222 5-20  Sample Problem SP5-5     223 5-21  Cylinders with Slanted and Rounded Surfaces     224 5-22  Sample Problem SP5-6     224 5-23  Drawing Conventions and Cylinders     226 5-24  Irregular Surfaces     227 5-25  Sample Problem SP5-7     228 5-26  Hole Callouts     228 5-27  Castings     231 5-28  Sample Problem SP5-8     233 5-29  Thin-Walled Objects     234 5-30  Sample Problem SP5-9     235 5-31  Intersections     236 5-32  Sample Problem SP5-10     237 5-33  Sample Problem SP5-11     239 5-34  Sample Problem SP5-12     239 5-35  Designing by Modifying an Existing Part     242 5-36  Drawing Standards     243 5-37  Third- and First-Angle Projections     245 5-38  Exercise Problems     247 Chapter 6  Sectional Views     281 6-1  Introduction     281 6-2  Cutting Plane Lines     283 6-3  Section Lines     286 6-4  Hatch     288 6-5  Sample Problem SP6-1     290 6-6  Styles of Section Lines     291 6-7  Sectional View Location     292 6-8  Holes in Sections     293 6-9  Gradients     293 6-10  Offset Sections     294 6-11  Multiple Sections     295 6-12  Aligned Sections     296 6-13  Drawing Conventions in Sections     296 6-14  Half, Partial, and Broken-Out Sectional Views     297 6-15  Removed Sectional Views     298 6-16  Breaks     299 6-17  Sectional Views of Castings     300 6-18  Exercise Problems     302 Chapter 7  Auxiliary Views     325 7-1  Introduction     325 7-2  Projection Between Normal and Auxiliary Views     326 7-3  Sample Problem SP7-1     328 7-4  Transferring Lines Between Views     329 7-5  Sample Problem SP7-2     331 7-6  Projecting Rounded Surfaces     332 7-7  Sample Problem SP7-3     332 7-8  Projecting Irregular Surfaces     334 7-9  Sample Problem SP7-4     334 7-10  Sample Problem SP7-5     335 7-11  Partial Auxiliary Views     336 7-12  Sectional Auxiliary Views     337 7-13  Auxiliary Views of Oblique Surfaces     338 7-14  Secondary Auxiliary Views     338 7-15  Sample Problem SP7-6     341 7-16  Secondary Auxiliary View of an Ellipse     343 7-17  Exercise Problems     344 Chapter 8  Dimensioning     359 8-1  Introduction     359 8-2  Terminology and Conventions     359 8-3  Linear Dimension     362 8-4  Dimension Styles     367 8-5  Units     371 8-6  Aligned Dimensions     373 8-7  Radius and Diameter Dimensions     375 8-8  Angular Dimensions     379 8-9  Ordinate Dimensions     381 8-10  Baseline Dimensions     384 8-11  Continue Dimension     385 8-12  Quick Dimension     386 8-13  Center Mark     387 8-14  Mleader and Qleader     388 8-15  Text Angle     391 8-16  Tolerances     392 8-17  Dimensioning Holes     392 8-18  Placing Dimensions     394 8-19  Fillets and Rounds     395 8-20  Rounded Shapes (Internal)     395 8-21  Rounded Shapes (External)     396 8-22  Irregular Surfaces     397 8-23  Polar Dimensions     398 8-24  Chamfers     398 8-25  Knurling     399 8-26  Keys and Keyseats     400 8-27  Symbols and Abbreviations     400 8-28  Symmetry and Centerline     401 8-29  Dimensioning to Points     401 8-30  Coordinate Dimensions     402 8-31  Sectional Views     403 8-32  Orthographic Views     404 8-33  Very Large Radii     405 8-34  Exercise Problems     406 Chapter 9  Tolerancing     427 9-1  Introduction     427 9-2  Direct Tolerance Methods     427 9-3  Tolerance Expressions     428 9-4  Understanding Plus and Minus Tolerances     429 9-5  Creating Plus and Minus Tolerances with AutoCAD     429 9-6  Limit Tolerances     432 9-7  Creating Limit Tolerances by Using AutoCAD     433 9-8  Angular Tolerances     435 9-9  Standard Tolerances     436 9-10  Double Dimensioning     437 9-11  Chain Dimensions and Baseline Dimensions     438 9-12  Tolerance Studies     440 9-13  Rectangular Dimensions     441 9-14  Hole Locations     441 9-15  Choosing a Shaft for a Toleranced Hole     442 9-16  Sample Problem SP9-1     443 9-17  Sample Problem SP9-2     444 9-18  Standard Fits (Metric Values)     444 9-19  Nominal Sizes     447 9-20  Hole and Shaft Basis     447 9-21  Sample Problem SP9-3     447 9-22  Standard Fits (Inch Values)     448 9-23  Sample Problem SP9-4     449 9-24  Preferred and Standard Sizes     449 9-25  Surface Finishes     450 9-26  Surface Control Symbols     452 9-27  Design Problems     453 9-28  Exercise Problems     459 Chapter 10  Geometric Tolerances     473 10-1  Introduction     473 10-2  Tolerances of Form     474 10-3  Flatness     474 10-4  Straightness     475 10-5  Straightness (RFS and MMC)     475 10-6  Circularity     478 10-7  Cylindricity     479 10-8  Geometric Tolerances Created by Using AutoCAD     479 10-9  Tolerances of Orientation     487 10-10  Datums     487 10-11  Perpendicularity     488 10-12  Parallelism     490 10-13  Angularism     491 10-14  Profiles     491 10-15  Runouts     493 10-16  Positional Tolerances     494 10-17  Virtual Condition     496 10-18  Floating Fasteners     496 10-19  Sample Problem SP10-1     497 10-20  Sample Problem SP10-2     498 10-21  Fixed Fasteners     499 10-22  Sample Problem SP10-3     499 10-23  Design Problems     500 10-24  Exercise Problems     503 Chapter 11  Threads and Fasteners     525 11-1  Introduction     525 11-2  Thread Terminology     525 11-3  Thread Callouts (Metric Units)     526 11-4  Thread Callouts (English Units)     526 11-5  Thread Representations     528 11-6  Orthographic Views of Internal Threads     533 11-7  Sectional Views of Internal Thread Representations     535 11-8  Types of Threads     535 11-9  How to Draw an External Square Thread     536 11-10  How to Draw an Internal Square Thread     537 11-11  How to Draw an External Acme Thread     537 11-12  Bolts and Nuts     539 11-13  Screws     539 11-14  Studs     541 11-15  Head Shapes     541 11-16  Nuts     545 11-17  Sample Problem SP11-1     548 11-18  Sample Problem SP11-2     549 11-19  Standard Screws     550 11-20  Setscrews     551 11-21  Washers     552 11-22  Keys     553 11-23  Rivets     554 11-24  Springs     555 11-25  Tool Palettes     558 11-26  Exercise Problems     561 Chapter 12  Working Drawings     571 12-1  Introduction     571 12-2  Assembly Drawings     571 12-3  Drawing Formats (Templates)     574 12-4  Title Block     576 12-5  Revision Block     578 12-6  Tolerance Block     580 12-7  Release Block     580 12-8  Parts List (Bill of Materials–BOM)     581 12-9  Detail Drawings     582 12-10  First-Angle Projection     583 12-11  Drawing Notes     584 12-12  Design Layouts     584 12-13  Sample Problem SP12-1     585 12-14  Sample Problem SP12-2     589 12-15  Sample Problem SP12-3     592 12-16  Exercise Problems     594 Chapter 13  Gears, Bearings, and Cams     617 13-1  Introduction     617 13-2  Types of Gears     617 13-3  Gear Terminology–Spur     618 13-4  Spur Gear Drawings     619 13-5  Sample Problem SP13-1     621 13-6  Sample Problem SP13-2     622 13-7  Sample Problem SP13-3     624 13-8  Selecting Spur Gears     625 13-9  Center Distance Between Gears     626 13-10  Sample Problem SP13-4     627 13-11  Combining Spur Gears     629 13-12  Gear Terminology–Bevel     629 13-13  How to Draw Bevel Gears     631 13-14  Worm Gears     633 13-15  Helical Gears     634 13-16  Racks     636 13-17  Ball Bearings     637 13-18  Sample Problem SP13-5     638 13-19  Bushings     639 13-20  Sample Problem SP13-6     640 13-21  Cam Displacement Diagrams     641 13-22  Cam Motions     643 13-23  Cam Followers     647 13-24  Sample Problem SP13-7     648 13-25  Exercise Problems     651 Chapter 14  Fundamentals of 3D Drawing     663 14-1  Introduction     663 14-2  The World Coordinate System     663 14-3  Viewpoints     665 14-4  Perspective and Parallel Grids     668 14-5  3D Modeling     670 14-6  User Coordinate System (UCS)     672 14-7  Editing a Solid Model     678 14-8  Visual Styles     679 14-9  Rotating a UCS Axis     681 14-10  Sample Problem SP14-1     683 14-11  Visual Errors     685 14-12  Sample Problem SP14-2     685 14-13  Orthographic Views     688 14-14  Line Thickness     692 14-15  Using the Thickness Command to Create Objects     695 14-16  Exercise Problems     698 Chapter 15  Modeling     703 15-1  Introduction     703 15-2  Box     703 15-3  Sphere     708 15-4  Cylinder     708 15-5  Cone     710 15-6  Wedge     712 15-7  Torus     714 15-8  Extrude     715 15-9  Revolve     717 15-10  Helix     718 15-11  Polysolid     719 15-12  Loft     720 15-13  Intersect     721 15-14  Union and Subtract     722 15-15  Solid Modeling and UCSs     725 15-16  Combining Solid Objects     727 15-17  Intersecting Solids     732 15-18  Solid Models of Castings     737 15-19  Thread Representations in Solid Models     741 15-20  List     743 15-21  Massprop     743 15-22  Face and Edge Editing     744 15-23  Exercise Problems     752 Index     781 Chapter 16  Projects (Online Only) Appendix (Online Only)