About the Book
Fundamentals of Hydraulic Engineering Systems, Fourth Edition is a very useful reference for practicing engineers who want to review basic principles and their applications in hydraulic engineering systems. This fundamental treatment of engineering hydraulics balances theory with practical design solutions to common engineering problems. The author examines the most common topics in hydraulics, including hydrostatics, pipe flow, pipelines, pipe networks, pumps, open channel flow, hydraulic structures, water measurement devices, and hydraulic similitude and model studies. Chapters dedicated to groundwater, deterministic hydrology, and statistical hydrology make this text ideal for courses designed to cover hydraulics and hydrology in one semester.
Table of Contents:
1 FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES OF WATER
1.1 The Earth’s Atmosphere and Atmospheric Pressure
1.2 The Three Phases of Water
1.3 Mass (Density) and Weight (Specific Weight)
1.4 Viscosity of Water
1.5 Surface Tension and Capillarity
1.6 Elasticity of Water
1.7 Forces in a Fluid Field
2 PRESSURE AND PRESSURE FORCES
2.1 The Free Surface of Water
2.2 Absolute and Gage Pressures
2.3 Surfaces of Equal Pressure
2.4 Manometers
2.5 Hydrostatic Forces on Flat Surfaces
2.6 Hydrostatic Forces on Curved Surfaces
2.7 Buoyancy
2.8 Flotation Stability
3 WATER FLOW IN PIPES
3.1 Description of Pipe Flow
3.2 The Reynolds Number
3.3 Forces in Pipe Flow
3.4 Energy in Pipe Flow
3.5 Loss of Head Due to Friction
3.6 Empirical Equations for Friction Head Loss
3.7 Friction Head Loss-Discharge Relationships
3.8 Loss of Head in Pipe Contractions
3.9 Loss of Head in Pipe Expansions
3.10 Loss of Head in Pipe Bends
3.11 Loss of Head in Pipe Valves
3.12 Method of Equivalent Pipes
3.12.1 Pipes in Series
3.12.2 Pipes in Parallel
4 PIPELINES AND PIPE NETWORKS
4.1 Pipelines Connecting Two Reservoirs
4.2 Negative Pressure Scenarios (Pipelines and Pumps)
4.3 Branching Pipe Systems
4.4 Pipe Networks
4.4.1 The Hardy Cross Method
4.4.2 The Newton Method
4.5 Water Hammer Phenomenon in Pipelines
4.6 Surge Tanks
5 WATER PUMPS
5.1 Centrifugal (Radial Flow) Pumps
5.2 Propeller (Axial Flow) Pumps
5.3 Jet (Mixed Flow) Pumps
5.4 Centrifugal Pump Characteristic Curves
5.5 Single Pump and Pipeline Analysis
5.6 Pumps in Parallel or in Series
5.7 Pumps and Branching Pipes
5.8 Pumps and Pipe Networks
5.9 Cavitation in Water Pumps
5.10 Specific Speed and Pump Similarity
5.11 Selection of a Pump
6 WATER FLOW IN OPEN CHANNELS
6.1 Open Channel Flow Classifications
6.2 Uniform Flow in Open Channels
6.3 Hydraulic Efficiency of Open Channel Sections
6.4 Energy Principles in Open Channel Flow
6.5 Hydraulic Jumps
6.6 Gradually Varied Flow
6.7 Classifications of Gradually Varied Flow
6.8 Computation of Water Surface Profiles
6.9 Hydraulic Design of Open Channels
7 GROUND WATER HYDRAULICS
7.1 Movement of Ground Water
7.2 Steady Radial Flow to a Well
7.2.1 Steady Radial Flow in Confined Aquifers
7.2.2 Steady Radial Flow in Unconfined Aquifers
7.3 Unsteady Radial Flow to a Well
7.3.1 Unsteady Radial Flow in Confined Aquifers
7.3.2 Unsteady Radial Flow in Unconfined Aquifers
7.4 Field Determination of Aquifer Characteristics
7.4.1 Equilibrium Test in Confined Aquifers
7.4.2 Equilibrium Test in Unconfined Aquifers
7.4.3 Nonequilibrium Test
7.5 Aquifer Boundaries
7.6 Surface Investigations of Ground Water
7.6.1 The Electrical Resistivity Method
7.6.2 Seismic Wave Propagation Methods
7.7 Sea Water Intrusion in Coastal Areas
7.8 Seepage Through Dam Foundations
7.9 Seepage Through Earth Dams
8 HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES
8.1 Functions of Hydraulic Structures
8.2 Dams-Functions and Classifications
8.3 Stability of Gravity and Arch Dams
8.3.1 Gravity Dams
8.3.2 Arch Dams
8.4 Small Earth Dams
8.5 Weirs
8.6 Overflow Spillways
8.7 Side-Channel Spillways
8.8 Siphon Spillways
8.9 Culverts
8.10 Stilling Basins
9 WATER PRESSURE, VELOCITY, AND DISCHARGE
MEASUREMENTS
9.1 Pressure Measurements
9.2 Velocity Measurements
9.3 Discharge Measurements in Pipes
9.4 Discharge Measurements in Open Channels
9.4.1 Sharp-Crested Weirs
9.4.2 Broad-Crested Weirs
9.4.3 Venturi Flumes
10 HYDRAULIC SIMILITUDE AND MODEL STUDIES
10.1 Dimensional Homogeneity
10.2 Principles of Hydraulic Similitude
10.3 Phenomena Governed by Viscous Forces — Reynolds Number
Law
10.4 Phenomena Governed by Gravity Forces — Froude Number
Law
10.5 Phenomena Governed by Surface Tension — Weber Number
Law
10.6 Phenomena Governed by Both Gravity and Viscous Forces
10.7 Models for Floating and Submerged Bodies
10.8 Open Channel Models
10.9 The Pi-Theorem
11 HYDROLOGY FOR HYDRAULIC DESIGN
11.1 The Hydrologic Cycle
11.2 Precipitation
11.3 Design Storm
11.4 Surface Runoff and Stream Flow
11.5 Rainfall-Runoff Relationships — The Unit Hydrograph
11.6 Rainfall-Runoff Relationships — SCS Procedures
11.6.1 Losses from Rainfall and Rainfall Excess
11.6.2 Time of Concentration
11.6.3 SCS Synthetic Hydrograph
11.6.4 Summary of SCS Procedure
11.7 Storage Routing
11.8 Hydraulic Design — The Rational Method
11.8.1 Design of Stormwater Collection Systems
11.8.2 Design of Stormwater Pipes
12 STATISTICAL METHODS IN HYDROLOGY
12.1 Concepts of Probability
12.2 Statistical Parameters
12.3 Probability Distributions
12.3.1 Normal Distribution
12.3.2 Log-Normal Distribution
12.3.3 Gumbel Distribution
12.3.4 Log-Pearson Type III Distribution
12.4 Return Period and Hydrologic Risk
12.5 Frequency Analysis
12.5.1 Frequency Factors
12.5.2 Testing Goodness of Fit
12.5.3 Confidence Limits
12.6 Frequency Analysis Using Probability Graphs
12.6.1 Probability Graphs
12.6.2 Plotting Positions
12.6.3 Data Plotting and Theoretical Distributions
12.6.4 Estimating Future Magnitudes
12.7 Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency Relationships
12.8 Applicability of Statistical Methods
SYMBOLS
ANSWERS TO SELECTED PROBLEMS
INDEX
About the Author :
Robert J. Houghtalen, Ph.D., P.E., is Professor and Head of the Civil Engineering Department at Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology in Terre Haute, Indiana. Dr. Houghtalen specializes in the areas of hydrology, hydraulics, and stormwater management. He has taught national seminars for ASCE on a number of computer models including HEC-HMS, HEC-RAS, and EPA-SWMM. Apart from his academic assignments at Rose-Hulman and Old Dominion University, he has worked for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Wright Water Engineers, Inc. (Denver), the Federal Emergency Management Agency in Washington D.C., and a humanitarian organization in the Sudan. He is co-author of the Federal Highway Administration’s culvert design manual (HDS #5). Prior to this textbook, he has co-authored two others: Fundamentals of Hydraulic Engineering Systems, 3Ed. (1996 - Prentice Hall) and Urban Hydrology, Hydraulics, and Stormwater Quality (Wiley).
Prof. Ned H C Hwang received his BSCE from Cheng-kung University in Taiwan, MSCE from UC Berkeley, and PhD in fluid mechanics from Colorado State University. He served as a faculty in Civil Engineering, University of Houston for 25 years. In early 1980s, he developed interests in the flow of blood in cardiovascular systems. He was appointed the Herbert H Herff Chair Professor of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, TN.; 1991-2000, the James L Knight Chair Professor of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL; Since 2000, he was appointed the Director of Biomedical Engineering Division, the National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan until his retirement in 2007. During his tenure, his also served four times as the Director of the NATO-ASI (Advanced Study Institutes) in Cardiovascular Engineering; Honorary Professor of Biomedical Engineering at the King’s College Medical School, University of London; the Technion, Haifa, Isreal;
First Nanyang Chair Professor, the Nanyang University of Science and Technology, Singapore; the West China Medical University, Chengdu, China; etc. Professor Hwang has published four books in cardiovascular engineering, and holds five US patents. He is also a founding fellow of AIBME; fellow of ASME.
A. Osman Akan holds a B.S. degree in Civil Engineering from Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, and M.S. and PhD degrees in Civil Engineering from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. He has over 30 years of teaching, research, and consulting experience in water resources engineering. His research is documented in 35 journal articles, and numerous conference papers, reports, and book chapters. He received an outstanding journal paper award from the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) in 1987. He published three earlier books titled, “Urban Hydrology,” “Urban Hydrology, Hydraulics, and Stormwater Quality, “and “Open Channel Hydraulics.” Professor Akan is an ASCE Fellow and a registered Professional Engineer (PE) in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Currently he serves as Associate Dean in the Batten College of Engineering and Technology at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia.
