Organized Multienzyme Systems: Catalytic Properties

Organized Multienzyme Systems: Catalytic Properties describes the kinetic and catalytic properties of organized enzyme systems. This book is composed of nine chapters that specifically cover both immobilized and naturally occurring systems. The first two chapters examine the nature and function of enzyme organization in the mitochondrion, as well as the structural/functional coupling of the components in energy-transducing membrane systems. These topics are followed by discussions on ""dynamic compartmentation"" in soluble multienzyme systems; the allosteric enzyme systems; and allosterism in reversibly adsorptive enzyme systems. Other chapters explore model studies with specific immobilized multienzyme sequences, as regards the analysis of microenvironmental effects, and the mathematical exposition on the kinetic analysis of multienzyme systems in homogeneous solution. The last chapters present some theoretical and experimental studies on the behavior of immobilized systems. These chapters also provide a speculative integrative view of the kind of functional coherence that may be operative in organized states in vivo. This book is of great value to cell biologists, biochemists, and enzyme scientists and researchers.

Table of Contents:
Contributors Preface Chapter 1. Organization of Proteins within the Mitochondrion I. Biological Organization II. The Mitochondrion III. Concluding Remarks References Chapter 2. Catalytic Facilitation and Membrane Bioenergetics I. Introduction II. Structural Dynamics of Energy-Coupling Membranes III. Protonmotive Functions of Electron Transport and ATP Synthase Complexes IV. The Protonmotive Force as an Intermediate in Electron-Transport Phosphorylation? V. The Effectiveness of Reconstituted Systems in Catalyzing ATP Synthesis VI. How Then Might Energy Coupling Proceed? VII. Protoneural Proteins? VIII. Mechanisms of Uncoupling IX. Control Theoretical View of Energy Coupling X. On the "Organization" of Energy-Coupling Membranes and Other Organized Multienzyme Systems References Chapter 3. Dynamic Compartmentation in Soluble Multienzyme Systems I. Introduction II. Macrocompartments versus Microcompartments III. Static versus Dynamic Compartments IV. Evidence for Structural Enzyme Organization in Glycolysis V. Models of Dynamic Compartmentation in Soluble Enzyme Systems VI. Summary and Perspectives References Chapter 4. Organized Polymeric Enzyme Systems: Catalytic Properties I. Introduction II. Protein Flexibility as the Prima Ratio of Allosteric Enzyme Behavior III. Phenomenology of Multiple Ligand Binding to Enzymes IV. The Concerted and the Induced-Fit Models of Ligand Binding V. Phenomenological Kinetics of Allosteric Enzymes VI. Thermodynamics of Subunit Interactions and the Principles of Structural Kinetics VII. Structural Formulation of Steady-State Enzyme Reaction Rates and Equilibrium Ligand Binding Isotherms VIII. The Antagonism between Substrate Binding and Enzyme Reaction Rate IX. The Evolution of Enzyme Flexibility and Cooperativity X. Conclusions References Chapter 5. Control of Enzyme Activity in Reversibly Adsorptive Enzyme Systems I. Introduction II. Experimental Data Supporting the Concept That Enzymes May Be Adsorbed to Subcellular Structures under Physiological Conditions III. Types of Reversibly Adsorptive Enzyme Systems IV. Characteristics of Reversibly Adsorptive Enzyme Systems V. Changes in Catalytic and Regulatory Properties of Enzymes by Their Adsorption VI. Influence of Specific Ligands on Adsorption of Enzymes VII. Physiological Significance of Reversible Adsorption of Enzymes VIII. Conclusion References Chapter 6. Models of Organized Multienzyme Systems: Use in Microenvironmental Characterization and in Practical Application I. Introduction II. Model Systems of Enzyme Sequences III. Role of Immobilized Enzyme Systems in the Interpretation of Microenvironmental Compartmentation in Vivo IV. Practical Applications of Immobilized Enzyme Sequences V. Concluding Remarks References Chapter 7. Kinetic Analysis of Multienzyme Systems in Homogeneous Solution I. Introduction II. Unimolecular Unidirectional Closed Systems III. Unimolecular Bidirectional Closed Systems IV. Coupled Enzyme Systems—Polynomial Solutions V. Coupled Enzyme Systems—Approximations VI. Other Features of Coupled Enzyme Systems VII. Coupled Enzymes in the Pre-Steady State VIII. Parameter Estimation in Systems of Differential Equations IX. Conclusion References Chapter 8. Theoretical and Experimental Studies on the Behavior of Immobilized Multienzyme Systems I. Introduction II. General Theoretical Treatment of Diffusion Reactions III. Experimental Studies IV. Conclusion and Perspectives References Chapter 9. Long-Range Energy Continua and the Coordination of Multienzyme Sequences in Vivo I. Introduction II. Transduction and Conservation of Chemical Free Energy within Multienzyme Aggregates III. Enzymes: Biochemical Electrodes and Protodes IV. An Electrochemical Interpretation of Metabolism V. Long-Range Energy Continua and Metabolic Regulation VI. Concluding Remarks References Index