Histocompatibility

Histocampatibility covers the genetic, immunologic, and the chemical studies on allograft rejection process. The book is composed of 13 chapters that describe how these studies relate to medicine, organ transplantation in man, basic immunology, cell membrane structures, and cancer research. After briefly dealing with the early studies on isografts and allografts in laboratory animals, the book describes the histogenetic methods of gene manipulation and transplantation that permit identification of individual histocompatibility loci. The following chapter examines the significance of congenic resistant lines in determining the diversity of histocompatibility loci and allele and immune response genes. Other chapters present immunogenetic and serological methods, as well as the applications of these methods in studying alloantigens and H-2 complex loci and of immunogenetic methods to human. The book also discusses the practical implication of HLA immunogenetics in organ transplantation and describes the biochemical, immunochemical, and dynamic properties of alloantigens. A chapter discusses the associations between HLA system and disease and the various mechanisms that have been suggested to explain these associations. The last chapter focuses on allograft reaction and on established facts of cellular immunity. This book is a valuable source of information for researchers in the fields of medicine, organ transplantation in man, basic immunology, cell membrane structures, and cancer.

Table of Contents:
PrefaceList of AbbreviationsChapter 1 Isografts Succeed, Allografts Fail I. The Development and Value of Inbred Strains II. Early Genetic Studies III. The Laws of Transplantation IV. Histocompatibility Genes ReferencesChapter 2 Histogenetic Methods I. Types of Transplants Employed II. Production of Congenic Resistant Strains III. Analysis of Congenic Resistant Strains IV. The Use of Immunization ReferencesChapter 3 The Number and Diversity of Histocompatibility Loci I. The Production of CR Lines II. Histocompatibility Genes Revealed by CR Lines III. Variations in Strength of Histocompatibility Alloantigens IV. The Sk Locus V. The Y-Linked Histocompatibility Locus VI. The X-Linked Histocompatibility Locus VII. Number of Alleles at Histocompatibility Loci VIII. Number of Histocompatibility Loci IX. Mutations at Histocompatibility Loci X. Induced H Gene Mutations ReferencesChapter 4 Immunogenetic Methods I. Titering Antisera II. The Production of Antisera III. Genetic Tests ReferencesChapter 5 Serologically Demonstrated Membrane Alloantigens of Mice I. Erythrocyte and Lymphocyte Alloantigens of Mice II. Miscellaneous Cell Surface Alloantigens III. Distribution of Alloantigens in Different Tissues IV. The Problem of Overlap between Alloantigens Demonstrated by Different Techniques ReferencesChapter 6 Serologically and Histogenetically Demonstrated Loci of the H-2 Complex I. Introduction II. Recombination Studies III. The H-2-Linked Ss Serum Protein Locus IV. The Occurrence of the Same Specificity at Both Ends of H-2 V. Classification of H-2 Specificities VI. H-2 Polymorphism VII. The H-2 Chart VIII. Other CMAD Loci in the H-2 Complex IX. Comparisons of H-2K and H-2D X. H-2 Mutants and Minor Variants ReferencesChapter 7 Immune Response Genes I. Ir-1 II. Ir-2 III. Ir-3 IV. Ir-4 V. Ir-5 VI. A Sex-Linked Ir Locus VII. An Immune Response Locus Linked to the Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Loci VIII. Other Immune Response Loci IX. Mechanisms ReferencesChapter 8 Allogeneic Cell Interactions Uniquely Dependent on H-2 I. The Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction and Cell-Mediated Lysis II. Hybrid Resistance, Radiation Resistant Graft Rejection, and Allogeneic Inhibition III. The Influence of H-2 on Cell Collaboration IV. Role of H-2 in Cytotoxicity against "Weak" Cell Surface Antigens V. Summary and Conclusions ReferencesChapter 9 The HLA Complex: Serology and Genetics I. Historical Background II. HLA Antibodies and Serological Methods III. Immunogenetics of the HLA System IV. General Conception and Evolution of the HLA System V. The Natural History of HLA Antigens VI. The Genes Governing the Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction (D Series) ReferencesChapter 10 The HLA Complex: Practical Implications I. Organ Transplantation II. Bone Marrow Grafts III. Implications in Blood Transfusion IV. Fetal-Maternal Relationship: Neonatal Thrombopenia and Leukoneutropenia ReferencesChapter 11 Biochemical and Structural Properties of the Cell Membrane Located Alloantigens of the Major Histocompatibility Complex I. Introduction II. Location III. Biochemical and Structural Properties IV. Immunochemical-Genetic Relationships of the MHC System V. Biochemical and Structural Properties of Other MHC Products VI. Membrane Arrangement VII. Dynamic Properties of MHC Products of the Membrane VIII. A Hypothetical Model for the Classical MHC Antigens ReferencesChapter 12 Histocompatibility Genes and Disease I. Experimental Bases II. Associations between HLA and Disease III. Physiology of the Association IV. Concluding Remarks ReferencesChapter 13 The Allogeneic Responses I. Alloantigens: The Stimulus II. Lymphoid Cells: The Responders III. The Allogeneic Reaction IV. MHC versus Minor H Locus Incompatibilities V. Organ Grafts versus Tissue Grafts: Conclusions ReferencesIndex