The Nuclear Overhauser Effect

The Nuclear Overhauser Effect aims to provide a unified treatment of both the theory and applications of the NOE that would be accessible to the chemist who is not a specialist in NMR, but who would nevertheless like to use the NOE to solve problems in his own area of interest. Assuming only that the reader has a typical chemist's working knowledge of NMR, an attempt is made to present the results in each section in a sufficiently simple form so that little mathematical sophistication will be required to apply them with understanding. This book comprises eight chapters, and begins with a focus on nuclear spin-lattice relaxation. The following chapters then discuss mechanisms of spin-lattice relaxation; the nuclear overhauser effect in rigid molecules; the effects of internal motions; experimental methods; transient methods; the effects of chemical exchange; and applications of the nuclear overhauser effect, with a review of available literature. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of chemistry and physics.

Table of Contents:
PrefaceAcknowledgmentsIntroductionChapter 1. Nuclear Spin-Lattice Relaxation A. The Nuclear Overhauser Effect B. Relaxation Times C. The Measurement of T1 D. Relaxation of Coupled Spins E. Relaxation of Two Spins F. The Nuclear Overhauser Effect for Two Spins G. Relaxation Times for Two Spins: the 3/2 Effect H. Conclusion ReferencesChapter 2. Mechanisms of Spin-Lattice Relaxation A. The Source of Spin-Lattice Relaxation B. Quadrupole Relaxation C. Intramolecular Dipole-Dipole Relaxation D. Rotational Correlation Times E. Intermolecular Dipole-Dipole Relaxation F. Spin-Rotation Relaxation G. Relaxation by Scalar Coupling H. Relaxation Times of Protons I. Conclusion ReferencesChapter 3. The Nuclear Overhauser Effect in Rigid Molecules A. Relaxation in Multispin Systems B. The Cross-Correlation Problem C. The NOE in Multispin Systems D. Two Spins and Two Groups of Equivalent Spins E. Three Nonequivalent Spins—amx F. The amx3 Case G. Three Spins: Linear H. Three Spins: Acute Case I. Four Spins J. Multispin Systems K. Heteronuclear NOE L. Conclusion ReferencesChapter 4. The Effects of Internal Motions A. Calculation of Enhancements as a Function of Internal Coordinates B. Internal Motions Not Affecting Internuclear Distances C. The Effects of Slow Internal Motions D. The Problem of Interpreting NOE Experiments in the Presence of Internal Motion E. Conclusion ReferencesChapter 5. Experimental Methods A. Sample Preparation B. Sidebands and Modulation C. Magnetic Field Lock D. Homonuclear Double Resonance E. Heteronuclear Double Resonance ReferencesChapter 6. Transient Methods A. Experiments on Two-Spin Systems B. Experiments on Multiple-Spin Systems C. The Fourier Transform Method ReferencesChapter 7. The Effects of Chemical Exchange A. Chemical Exchange Induced Spin-Lattice Relaxation B. Direct Effects of Chemical Exchange: the Transfer of Magnetization between Sites C. A Review of Applications of NOE to Exchanging Systems: Intermolecular Exchange D. A Review of Applications of NOE to Exchanging Systems: Intramolecular Exchange ReferencesChapter 8. Applications of the Nuclear Overhauser Effect: a Review of the Literature A. Assignment of Lines in NMR Spectra B. Determination of Molecular Configuration C. Determination of Molecular Conformation D. Miscellaneous Applications of the NOE ReferencesAppendix I: Tightly Coupled SpinsAppendix II: Mathematical Methods A. Fitting Exponential Functions to Experimental Data B. Numerical Integration C. The Fourier Transform General References ReferencesBibliographyAuthor IndexSubject Index