Photochemistry in Microheterogeneous Systems

Photochemistry in Microheterogeneous Systems provides an introduction to the subject of photochemistry in microheterogeneous systems. Emphasis is on the unimolecular and bimolecular reactions of electronically excited molecules in non-homogeneous media, as well as the application of photophysical and photochemical processes and techniques to the study of various microheterogeneous systems of chemical and biological interest, from normal and inverted micelles to vesicles and liposomes, monolayers, black lipid membranes, and liquid crystalline solvents. This monograph is comprised of 10 chapters and begins with an overview of microheterogeneous systems; excited-state processes and reactions; photochemistry in microheterogeneous systems; and structural and dynamical aspects of micellar aggregates. The discussion then turns to micellar photophysics and photochemistry, with emphasis on singlet-state and triplet-state reactions. Subsequent chapters focus on photoprocesses in a variety of microheterogeneous systems such as reversed micelles, microemulsions, lipids, surfactant vesicles, and liposomes; polymers, polyelectrolytes, and ion-exchange membranes; and molecular inclusion complexes. The final chapter is devoted to the photochemistry of molecules in the adsorbed state. This text is intended for graduate students and practicing chemists.

Table of Contents:
ForewordPrefaceChapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Microheterogeneous Systems, an Overview 1.2 Excited-State Processes and Reactions, an Overview 1.3 Photochemistry in Microheterogeneous Systems 1.4 Structural and Dynamical Aspects of Micellar Aggregates ReferencesChapter 2 Micellar Photophysics—Singlet State Reactions 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Luminescence Probe Analysis with Solvent-Sensitive Probes 2.3 Fluorescence Depolarization Studies 2.4 Micellar Effects on Acid-Base Equilibria 2.5 Fluorescence Quenching I: Various Quenching Scenarios and Their Kinetic Analysis 2.6 Fluorescence Quenching II: Applications 2.7 Aspects of Excimer Formation 2.8 Dynamics of Excited-State Charge Transfer Complexes (Exciplexes) 2.9 Studies of Excitation Energy Transfer Processes ReferencesChapter 3 Micellar Photophysics—Triplet State Reactions 3.1 Phosphorescence and the Triplet States 3.2 Delayed Fluorescence and Triplet Self-Quenching 3.3 Phosphorescence and Triplet Quenching: Exit Rates of Solutes 3.4 Photoionization Processes 3.5 Photoredox Reactions and Charge Separation Phenomena 3.6 Triplet Energy Transfer: Dynamics of Singlet Oxygen References Chapter 4 Micellar Photochemistry and Photoreactions 4.1 Photolysis of Dibenzylketones: Micellar Cage Effect, Isotope Enrichment, and Magnetic Field Effects 4.2 Dynamic Aspects of Micellar Cage and Magnetic Field Effects: Laser Flash Photolysis Studies 4.3 Intra- and Intermolecular Photoinduced H-Abstraction Reactions 4.4 Micellar Effects of Photoreactions References Chapter 5 Photoprocesses in Reversed Micelles and in Microemulsions 5.1 General Features of Reversed Micelles and Microemulsions 5.2 Dynamics of Photoprocesses in Inverse Micelles 5.3 Photoprocesses in Microemulsions (Oil-in-Water Type) 5.4 Photochemistry in Polymerized Microemulsions References Chapter 6 Photoprocesses in Lipids, Surfactant Vesicles, and Liposomes 6.1 General Features of Lipid Vesicles and Liposomes 6.2 Fluorescence Probe Analysis 6.3 Fluorescence Quenching 6.4 Intravesicular pH and Interface Potentials 6.5 Dynamics of Excimers and Exciplexes 6.6 Depolarization of Fluorescence 6.7 Excitation Energy Transfer and Light Harvesting Phenomena 6.8 Photoredox Reactions and Charge Separation Phenomena 6.9 Photoprocesses in Surfactant Vesicles 6.10 Photoprocesses on Polymerized Vesicles ReferencesChapter 7 Photoprocesses in Monolayers, Black Lipid Membranes, and Liquid Crystalline Solvents 7.1 Photoprocesses in Monolayer Assemblies 7.2 Photoprocesses in Black Lipid Membranes 7.3 Photoprocesses in Liquid Crystalline Solvents ReferencesChapter 8 Photoprocesses in Polymers, Polyelectrolytes, and Ion-Exchange Membranes 8.1 General Aspects of Polymers in Solution and of Polymer Photophysics 8.2 Photoprocesses in Polyelectrolytes 8.3 Photoprocesses in Ion-Exchange Membranes ReferencesChapter 9 Photoprocesses in Molecular Inclusion Complexes 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Photoprocesses in Cyclodextrins 9.3 Photoprocesses in Aluminosilicates—Zeolites 9.4 Photoprocesses in Crown Ether and Cryptate Complexes ReferencesChapter 10 Photochemistry of Molecules in the Adsorbed State 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Photochemistry in the Presence of Inorganic Colloids 10.3 Photochemistry of Molecules on Oxide Surfaces 10.4 Studies on Alumina Surfaces ReferencesAppendixIndex