The Audience, The Message, The Speaker

This brief, core introduction to public speaking combines a concern with classic rhetoric with a strong focus on ethics, diversity, and the latest technology. The Audience, The Message, The Speaker emphasizes the speaker's responsibility to convey succinct, meaningful information that is well organized, reliable, and clearly expressed for the relevant audience.

Table of Contents:
Prologue: Theory of Oral CommunicationThe Fundamentals of CommunicationMaking Ourselves UnderstoodCommunication ModelsPart One: The AudienceChapter 1 - Preparing to Meet the AudienceThe Communication ProcessThe AudienceThe MessageThe SpeakerValue to the SpeakerSpeaker-Audience RelationshipGetting StartedChapter 2 - Preparing to Meet the AudienceReceiving an Invitation to SpeakLogisticsDemographicsAdapting Your Speech to the AudienceParticular InterestsPossible oppositionPolitical PerspectiveReligious InfluencesCultural DifferencesThe Relevance FactorStepping into the Listeners’ ShoesSpeaking So That People Will ListenGain the AttentionHave a Clear PurposeEmphasize key Words and PointsProvide Connecting PhrasesBuild Attention FeaturesEase the Strain of ListeningPenetrate Stereotyped NotionsObserve the Time LimitRespect for the Audience / The Audience’s Bill of RightsChapter 3 - Finding Common GroundConnecting with the AudienceFraming the IssueAvoiding DivisivenessBasic AgreementQualified Meaning of Common GroundPositive ResultsThe Audience in a Pluralistic SocietyDiverse Perceptions of Communication SkillsLearning About Yourself and OthersCommon CharacteristicsThe Cultural Effects of DiversityDiversity in the WorkplaceSocial Implication of DiversityThe Speaker’s DilemmaOvercoming Cultural BarriersThe Challenge of PluralismChapter 4 - Listening and ReactingChoosing to ListenListening ModelsLearning to ListenForming Good Listening HabitsFeedback to the SpeakerListening PassivelyListening ActivelyComprehensive ListeningObstacles to ListeningCritical ListeningListening for Faulty ReasoningRetention and Access Semantics of Listening and ReactingLevels of AbstractionSemantic ReactionsShaping PerceptionIntentional Choice of WordsPart Two: The MessageChapter 5 - The Topic, Purpose, and Content of the SpeechThe TopicAppropriatenessComplexitySignificanceScopeThe General PurposeThe Speech to InformThe Speech to PersuadeThe Speech to MotivateThe Speech to EntertainCombinationsThe ContentUsing the InternetTaking NotesForms of SupportDefinition of TermsSpecific InstancesControlled StudiesStatistical DataTestimonial EvidenceInterest GrabbersSelecting Your MaterialChapter 6 - Organizing and OutliningThe Need to be OrganizedThe Value of an OutlineThe Basic StructureThe IntroductionAttention StatementPurpose StatementGiving Focus to the SubjectPhrasing the Purpose StatementThe PresummaryThe Body of the SpeechMain HeadingsSupporting InformationTransitionsThe ConclusionSummaryReinforcing the ThesisQuotationFinished OutlineChapter 7 - The Speech to InformThe Qualities of ExpositionThe Focus Makes It Your OwnBeing Familiar with your SubjectSpeaking OpportunitiesTopics for the Speech to InformTaking a Neutral PositionPriming the Audience’s InterestHelping to Inform the VoterInstant SpeechSpeaking in the Business WorldTraining SpecialistSpeaking to a CommitteeThe Informative PresentationChapter 8 - Thinking and ReasoningCritical ThinkingSelective LearningExamining BeliefsTesting What You Read and HearLearning What You Need to KnowInterpreting Information and Drawing ConclusionsThe Inductive ProcessSigns and CausesThe Deductive ProcessDiscovering What You BelieveChapter 9 - the Speech to PersuadeThe Persuasive MessageThe Inherent Qualities of PersuasionModes of ProofTaking a PositionStatus QuoConflicting BeliefsPersuasive InformationConstructing and Argumentative CaseAdvancing a ClaimUsing Evidence to Support a ClaimProviding a Warrant to Reinforce EvidenceForming a ThesisFacing OppositionEmotional AppealsShared ValuesPersonal Integrity / Credibility of the SpeakerPart Three: The SpeakerChapter 10 - The Speaker's Frame of MindDesire to be HeardThorough PreparationTechniques to Relieve AnxietyCreating a New Self-ImageSelf-esteemMessage to OurselvesChanging our Self-perception Self-regulating MechanismComfort zonesMaking AdjustmentsImprinting the New ImageConvincing YourselfRewards of SpeakingChapter 11 - Delivering the MessageThe Use of LanguageWords and their MeaningOffensive LanguageModes of DeliveryImpromptu SpeakingThe Fully Scripted SpeechSpeaking ExtemporaneouslyThe Dimensions of the MessagePrimary MessageAuxiliary MessagesSecondary MessagesNonverbal CommunicationVocal CommunicationEmphasizing Key PointsRepetitionPointer PhraseOratorical EmphasisVisual ReinforcementResponding to QuestionsKnow Your SubjectAnticipate QuestionsDirect Answers to the Whole AudienceBe Succinct Encourage InvolvementMaintain ControlKnow When to StopChapter 12 - The Power of VisualsPowerPointDo it RightPractice, Practice, PracticeHigh Stakes PresentationSpeaking to a Specific AudienceThe Tools of the TradeWhat Visuals Can AccomplishMaking It Happen with Visual AidsProjecting ImagesPlain and Simple VisualsDesktop VisualsMicrophones and CamerasPublic Address SystemsRadio MicrophonesTelevision CamerasPutting it All TogetherChapter 13 - Meeting Ethical StandardsTelling It Like It IsValues ClarificationApplying Your Own EthicsEthical Standards at RiskPolitical EthicsAvoiding PlagiarismSophistryCivil DisobedienceSocial ContractsThe Value of Ethical ConductThe Speaker's Code of EthicsMoral QuestionsReason is the Ultimate Ethic Appendix: Speaking Opportunities

About the Author :
John (Jack) Hasling earned the title of Professor Emeritus after teaching for 27 years at Foothill College in Los Altos Hills, California. He received his MA in 1963 from Sacramento State University, where he later taught and coached the debate team. He came to Foothill College in 1966 to teach public speaking and serve as faculty advisor for the college radio station. In the years following, he contributed to the speech curriculum by writing and developing courses in group discussion, interpersonal communication, and broadcast journalism. Teaching was his second career, his first being broadcasting. From 1952 to 1961 he worked as an announcer and engineer for several radio stations in northern California. In 1980 he published a book with McGraw-Hill entitled Fundamentals of Radio Broadcasting. During his years at Foothill College, Jack was actively involved in faculty affairs at the state and local levels. He served as chair of the Improvement of Instruction committee and later as president of the Academic Senate. He is a former member of the Commission on Instruction for the California Association of Community Colleges and is a charter member of the Bay Area Speech Teachers Association. He has served as parliamentarian at conventions of the California State Academic Senate. Since his retirement Jack has extended his interest in writing to include adult fiction and childrens literature. He has published two novels, both concerning social issues in recent history, and two childrens books. He reads his works to third- and fourth- grade classes and speaks to adult groups on the importance of reading aloud to children.