Handbook of Implicit Cognition and Addiction

"This book is a valuable source for both researchers and practitioners who are either familiar or unfamiliar with implicit cognition and addiction" —Emmanuel Kuntsche, ALCALA Most research on cognitive processes and drug abuse has focused on theories and methods of explicit cognition, asking people directly to introspect about the causes of their behavior. However, it may be questioned to what extent such methods reflect fundamental aspects of human cognition and motivation. In response to this issue, basic cognition researchers have started to assess implicit cognitions, defined as "introspectively unidentified (or inaccurately identified) traces of past experience that mediate feeling, thought, or action." Such approaches are less sensitive to self-justification and social desirability and offer other advantages over traditional approaches underscored by explicit cognition.   Wiers′ Handbook of Implicit Cognition and Addiction lays the groundwork for new approaches to the study and addictive behaviors as the first handbook to apply principles of implicit cognition to the field of addiction. This Handbook features the work of an interdisciplinary group of internationally renowned contributing North American and European authors who have brought together developments in basic research on implicit cognition with recent developments in addiction research.   Key Features: Moves the field forward by integrating cutting-edge research from formerly independent disciplines that help provide a better understanding of the etiology, prevention, and treatment of addictive behaviors Lays the groundwork for new approaches to the study and treatment of addictive behaviors as the first handbook to apply principles of implicit cognition to the field of addiction Presents existing applications to the prevention and treatment of addictive behaviors as well as possibilities for future interventions based on new approaches based on implicit cognition Opens with a chapter, written by the volume editors, that outlines general theoretical issues and provides a roadmap to the book Provides integrative summaries – written by both "insiders" and "outsiders" to the field - in a final section, highlighting theoretical issues currently being debated within this newly emerging area of scholarship This Handbook is a unique, invaluable addition to libraries as well as to the collections of academics, students, and professionals interested in how cognitive research can contribute to the understanding, prevention, and treatment of addictions.  

Table of Contents:
1. Implicit Cognition and Addiction: an Introduction - Reinout W. Wiers & Alan W. Stacy Section 1: Definitions, General Theoretical Issues, and Functional Dual-Process Models 2. What are implicit measures and why are we using them? - Jan de Houwer 3. A dual process approach to behavioral addiction: The case of gambling - Jonathan St. B. T. Evans & Kenny Coventry 4. Reflective and impulsive determinants of addictive behavior - Roland Deutsch & Fritz Strack 5. Measuring, Manipulating, and Modeling the Unconscious Influences of Prior Experience on Memory for Recent Experiences - Cathy L. McEvoy & Douglas L. Nelson Section 2: Assessment of implicit cognition in addiction research 6. Word Association Tests of Associative Memory and Implicit Processes: Prior Experience on Memory for Recent Experiences - Alan W. Stacy, Susan L. Ames & Jerry L. Grenard 7. Reaction time measures of substance-related associations - Katrijn Houben, Reinout W. Wiers, Anne Roefs 8. Expectancy as a unifying construct in alcohol-related cognition - Mark S. Goldman, Richard R. Reich, Jack Darkes 9. Individualized Versus General Measures of Addiction-Related Implicit Cognitions - Javad S. Fadardi, W. Miles Cox & Eric Klinger 10. Methods, Measures, and Findings of Attentional Bias in Substance Use, Abuse, - Gillian Bruce & Barry T. Jones 11. Attention to drug-related cues in drug abuse and addiction: component processes - Matt Field, Karin Mogg & Brendan P. Bradley Section 3: Brain Mechanisms 12. Addiction and learning in the brain - Henry H. Yin & Barbara J. Knowlton 13. Imaging the addicted brain: Reward, craving and cognitive processes - Ingmar H. A. Franken, Corien Zijlstra, Jan Booij & Wim van den Brink 14. Psychophysiology and implicit cognition in drug use: significance and measurement of motivation for drug use with emphasis on startle tests - Ronald F. Mucha, Paul Pauli, Peter Weyers 15. Loss of Willpower: Abnormal Neural Mechanisms of Impulse Control and Decision-Making in Addiction - Antoine Bechara, Xavier Noel, Eveline A. Crone 16. Implicit and explicit drug motivational processes: A model of boundary conditions - John J. Curtin, Danielle E. McCarthy, Megan E. Piper & Timothy B. Baker Section 4: Emotion, Motivation, Context and Acute Drug effects on Implicit Cognition 17. Motivational Processes Underlying Implicit Cognition in Addiction - W. Miles Cox, Javad S. Fadardi & Eric Klinger 18. Emotion and Motive Effects on Drug-Related Cognition - Cheryl D. Birch, Sherry H. Stewart & Martin Zack 19. Context and Retrieval Effects on Implicit Cognition for Substance use - Marvin D. Krank & Anne-Marie Wall 20. Acute Effects of Alcohol and Other Drugs on Automatic and Intentional Control - Mark T. Fillmore & Muriel Vogel-Sprott Section 5: Implicit Cognitions and different addictions 21. Implicit Cognition and Tobacco Addiction - Andrew J. Waters & Michael A. Sayette 22. To drink or not to drink: the role of automatic and controlled cognitive processes in the etiology of alcohol-related problems - Reinout W. Wiers, Katrijn Houben, Fren T. Y. Smulders, Patricia J. Conrod & Barry Jones 23. Implicit Cognition and Drugs of Abuse - Susan L. Ames, Ingmar H. A. Franken & Kate Coronges 24. Implicit Cognition in Problem Gambling - Martin Zack & Constantine X. Poulos 25. Implicit cognition and cross-addictive behaviors - Brian D. Ostafin & Tibor P. Palfai Section 6: Applying Implicit Cognitions to Prevention and Treatment 26. Automatic processes in the self-regulation of addictive behaviors - Tibor P. Palfai 27. Relevance of Research on Experimental Psychopathology to Substance Misuse - Peter J. De Jong, Merel Kindt & Anne Roefs 27. Adolescent Changes in Implicit Cognitions and Prevention of Substance Abuse - Marvin D. Krank & Abby L. Goldstein 29. Implementation Intentions: Can they be used to prevent and treat addiction? - Andy Prestwich, Mark Conner & Rebecca Lawton Section 7: Commentaries and General Discussion 30. Towards a Cognitive Theory of Substance Use and Dependence - Kenneth J. Sher 31. Automatic Processes in addiction: a commentary - Kent C. Berridge & Terry E. Robinson 32. Addiction: integrating learning perspectives and implicit cognition - Dirk Hermans & Dinska Van Gucht 33. Being mindful of automaticity in addiction: a clinical perspective - G. Alan Marlatt & Brian D. Ostafin 34. Common Themes and New Directions in Implicit Cognition and Addiction - Alan W. Stacy & Reinout W. Wiers

About the Author :
Reinout Wiers is Professor of Developmental Psychopathology, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, where he leads the Addiction Development and Psychopathology (ADAPT) Lab. He is (co)director of the University of Amsterdam’s Centre for Urban Mental Health. He is internationally known for his work on assessing and changing implicit cognitive processes in addiction. He has published over 400 international papers and many book-chapters and three books. With Alan Stacy, he edited the handbook of implicit cognition and addiction (SAGE, 2005). He received the prestigious VIDI (2002) and VICI (2008) research grants from the Dutch National Science Foundation (N.W.O.) for research on implicit cognition and addiction, and has been part of several European and international research consortia.  Alan W. Stacy is Director of the University of Southern California (USC) Transdisciplinary Drug Abuse Prevention Research Center, funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse.  He is also Associate Professor at the USC Department of Preventive Medicine.  He received his Ph.D. in social and personality psychology in 1986 from the University of California, Riverside.  He did postdoctoral work at the University of Washington and at USC.  Dr. Stacy has published over 80 peer-reviewed articles on addiction, focusing on cognitive models of drug use.  He was one of the first investigators to apply implicit cognition approaches to the addiciton area.  His research on implicit cognition was recently acknowledged in the Tenth Special Report to Congress on Alcohol and Health.

Review :
" The addiction field needs a fresh approach.... it will be a ′first.′" "This book has the potential to pull together an important emerging area of research, frame the issues and future questions, and help develop ideas regarding prevention/intervention implications of this research.  The addiction field has been moving in the direction of implicit cognition for some time, and I think that this volume has the potential to be the seminal contribution to the area." "I believe the need for such a compendium of research in this relatively new field is fully justified….The goal and scope of the text is consistent with my own views of where the field needs to go….The editors have done an excellent job in assembling a world-class list of contributors." "The editors have done a good job thinking of ways to make their volume distinctive….with the potential to wield a lasting impact on a field of immense social importance…Like the editors, I have a sense that important advances in our understanding of addictions will come from research that follows this handbook′s title." "I think the time is absolutely ripe for this book.  The theories and methods of implicit cognition seem ideally suited to tap into the actual mechanisms of addiction,  which involve low-level, unconscious cognitive processes that interact heavily with biological affective-motivational processes….the book is the first to synthesize this new, interdisciplinary field." "I think the integration of implicit cognition and addiction is a novel idea for a handbook and one that is needed given the increasing rate of research using implicit measures to understand the processes involved in addictive behaviors." "There is increasing interest in understanding the complexities of drug craving.  The studies in this book probe beneath the surface of subjective ratings with sensitive measures of implicit craving, detecting important processes underlying decisions addicts make about drug use.   Many researchers in addiction will find these analyses of the role of implicit processes in addiction valuable and timely." "At more than 500 pages, with 34 chapters in seven sections, it is definitely a Handbook with a capital H. The editors have done a great job of rounding up the usual suspects who publish on these topics. They have also chosen excellent contributors whose previous work is more immersed in cognition than in addiction. The book is thorough and appreciative of history but remains focused on cutting-edge topic." "This book is a valuable source for both researchers and practitioners who are either familiar or unfamiliar with implicit cognition and addiction" —Emmanuel Kuntsche, ALCALA